1. Chapter 18-The First World War
Section 1 Notes- A World Crisis
Chapter 18-The First World War

2. Vocabulary
Please complete the vocabulary on pg. 582 on your vocabulary sheet under section 1
Do not do other sections yet!

3. The Inside Story pg. 582
Gavrilo Princip was a 19 year old member of the Black Hand
He lived in the country of Bosnia which was ruled by Austria-Hungary
The Black Hand heard that the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie were coming to visit Bosnia
June 28, Princip and 6 other terrorists positioned themselves around the city waiting to assassinate the Archduke and his wife
Princip was hungry and went to get a sandwich

4. Assassination cont.
When he went to get a sandwich he came out of the sandwich shop and noticed the convertible with the Archduke and his wife
He dropped his sandwich and killed Franz Ferdinand and Sophie in close range
They were taken to the governor’s house for medical treatment
Sophie died in the car before getting there and Franz died ten minutes later

5. The Trial Here is what happened to the members of the black hand: Name
Sentence
Gavrilo Princip
20 years
Nedjelko Čabrinović
Trifun Grabež
Vaso Čubrilović
16 years
Cvjetko Popović
13 years
Lazar Djukić
10 years
Danilo Ilić
Death by hanging (executed 3 February 1915)
Veljko Čubrilović
Nedjo Kerović
Death by hanging; commuted to 20 years in prison by Kaiser Franz-Joseph based on Finance Minister recommendation
Mihaijlo Jovanović
Jakov Milović
Death by hanging; commuted to life in prison by Kaiser Franz-Joseph based on court and Finance Minister recommendation
Mitar Kerović
Life in prison
Ivo Kranjcević
Branko Zagorac
3 years
Marko Perin
Cvijan Stjepanović
7 years
Nine Defendants
Acquitted
The Trial
Here is what happened to the members of the black hand:

6. Movie clip on assassination

7. Causes of World War I Nationalism Imperialism Militarism Alliances
Using pg in your text, I want you to fill in the boxes with details about the four main causes of WWI

8. M.A.I.N M- A- I- N-

9. Alliances Germany Austria-Hungary Italy Great Britain France Russia
Triple alliance
Triple Entente

10. War Breaks Out Austria Hungary declares war on Serbia
Russia promised to protect Serbia
Germany promised to protect Austria-Hungary and declared war on Russia
Germany declared war on France
Great Britain declares war on Germany
All out war had begun

11. Germans take Belgium Germany made the first move August 4, 1914
Germany invades neutral Belgium
Great Britain had promised to protect Belgium
Great Britain declared war on Germany

12. Another name for alliances
Central Powers- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
Allied Powers- Great Britain, France, Russia, and Italy (would join this side) Over 30 nations would join this side before the war was over
Germany attacked Belgium hard burning villages, killing women and children

13. A new kind of warfare
The French heard of the attack on Belgium and rushed to the front
They wore uniforms from 40 years prior that were bright red
Germans were dressed in gray which served as better camouflage
French fought old fashioned as well in two lines with their bayonets
They were met with a hail of bullets from German machine guns

14. Germany and France cont.
Germany had machine guns that could fire 600 bullets per minute
In early battles, French soldiers died at a rate of 15,000 a day
Germany thought that the war would be over before the leaves would fall
It would last over 4 years

15. The First Battle of the Marne
Germany advanced through Northern France and were 25 miles from Paris
The French launched a counterattack along the Marne River on September 7, 1914
2 million men fought along 125 miles of river
After 5 days and 250,000 lives lost, the French pushed the Germans back 40 miles

16. Battle of the Marne

17. The War Reaches a Stalemate
Both French and German soldiers dug trenches or deep ditches to seek protection from the enemy
There were two systems of trenches that stretched 400 miles across western Europe

18. Trench Warfare

19. Trench warfare Men lived and fought from the trenches
It was hard to capture the enemies trenches because of machine guns
If they stood up to fire, they lost the protection of the trench
The area in between the trenches was called no-man’s land
Trench warfare caused a stalemate

20. Rats (especially brown rats that would eat human eyes and livers)
Lice
Trench foot
Trench mouth
Trench diseases

21. New Weapons Poison gas (canisters of gas)
Soldiers on both sides started wearing gas masks
Tanks- used to travel through no-man’s land
Airplanes
Machine guns
Barbed wire

22. Airplanes

23. Submarines (U-boats)

24. Machine gun

25. Poison Gas

26. Tank
The tank was introduced by the British in 1916 to smash through barbed wire that protected the trenches
By the end of the war,
both sides were
using tanks

27. Video clip