1. Government
Chapter 1

2. Principles of Government
Aristotle
1st student of government

3. 4 purposes of government
Maintain social order
Provide public services
Provide national security
Provide and control the economic system

4. Origin of the State Force Theory
All the people of an area were brought under authority of one person

5. Evolution Theory
Head of family was authority that served as government

6. Divine Right Theory
Ruler was chosen by the gods

7. Social Contract Theory
Created by Thomas Hobbes

8. Social Contract Theory
People gave the state the power needed to maintain order
The State, in return, would protect them
Contract could not be broken

9. John Locke
Said if gov’t failed to protect the people then they could overthrow the gov’t.
Life, Liberty, and Property

11. Jean- Jacques Rousseau
All men are free
Legislative power belongs to the people

12. State Country 4 characteristics Population Territory Sovereignty
Complete independence
Government

13. Government Systems Democracy Dictatorship Rule by the people
People are free
Majority rule
Dictatorship
Leader solely in command
No regard for its people

14. Unitary System Oligarchy All key powers belong to the national gov’t
Small group holds power

15. Federal Confederacy Power divided between national and state gov’t
Loose union of independent states

16. Basic concepts in a Democracy
Equality for all people

17. Majority rule, minority rights

18. Individual freedoms

19. Adam Smith Wrote The Wealth of Nations Believed in free market
Laissez- faire
To let alone

20. Wrote Communist Manifesto
Outlined the plan of Communism
Advocated violent revolution

21. Economic Theories Capitalism 5 characteristics Private ownership
Free enterprise
Competition
Freedom of choice
Possibility of profits

22. Socialism
Government owns the means of production

23. Communism Extreme form of Socialism
Government plans how much and what to produce