1. George Washington’s Presidency
The first president of the United States of America

2. We have the final say bruh
Judiciary Act of 1789
Significance: created a Supreme Court
Decisions made by state courts could be appealed to Federal courts if a constitutional issue was raised
“Supreme Law of the Land”

3. Executive Departments
President Washington decided he needed help enforcing and carrying out laws
Created 3 executive departments
The heads of each department became known as the President’s Cabinet, or advisors to the president
Executive Department
Department Description
Department Head
Department of State
Handled all foreign affairs
Thomas Jefferson
Department of War
Handled all military matters
Henry Knox
Department of the Treasury
Handled all money and finance
Alexander Hamilton

4. Today’s Executive Departments
Department of Transportation
Department of Energy
Department of Education
Department of Veterans Affairs
Department of Homeland Security
White House Chief of Staff
Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Management & Budget
United States Trade Rep.
United States Mission to the UN
Council of Economic Advisers
Small Business Administration
Department of State Department of the Treasury Department of Defense Department of Justice Department of the Interior Department of Agriculture Department of Commerce Department of Labor Department of Health and Human Services Department of Housing and Urban Development

5. Trouble Within the Cabinet
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson
Fed or Anti-Fed?
Federalist
Anti-Federalist
Ideal Size/Strength of government?
Strong central government
Small, weak central government
How should federal money be spent and what kinds of industry should support the U.S.?
Trade and industry (common in Northern States)
Agrarian (agriculture)
(common in southern and western states)

6. Strict Interpretation vs. Loose interpretation of the Constitution
The Federal government can only do what the Constitution specifically says it has the power to do
The “elastic clause” says that the Federal government has the authority to do whatever is “necessary and proper” to carry out the powers stated in the Constitution
Anti-
Federalist
Federalist
Stretchy!
Not Stretchy!

7. G. Wash The Bank of the U.S. Hamilton Jefferson (Federalist)
Can you guys stop fighting? BTW I want the bank so it’s happening
The Constitution does not say the government can create a bank.
The federal government should establish a national bank.
The Federal government has the power to tax and needs somewhere to keep those taxes
G. Wash
Hamilton
(Federalist)
Jefferson
(Anti-Fed)

8. Two Political Parties Emerge
Agricultural Economy
Economy based on industry and commerce
Supported by farmers, artisans, and frontier settlers in the South
Weak National Government
Strong Central Government
Supported by bankers and commercial businesses in the North
Jefferson
(Democratic-
Republican)

9. Quick Review: Shay’s Rebellion
Farmers were losing their farms because they faced high taxes
The farmers rebelled
The federal government under the Articles of Confederation couldn’t do anything to stop the rebellion because they had no power
This showed the weakness of the Articles of Confederation!!

10. The Whiskey Rebellion
The Federal government started taxing the production and manufacture of whiskey
This made Whiskey more expensive and people started buying less.
Whiskey manufacturers were furious and started a rebellion
The Federal government under the Constitution was able to use it’s military to stop the rebellion before anyone was even killed
This showed the power of the federal government under the Constitution!!

11. The French Revolution Affects the States
Based on the same ideals of the American Revolution
The French had helped the Americans during their revolution so they expected the U.S. to return the favor
The Americans and French had also signed an alliance treaty (a promise of friendship) so they definitely thought the Americans would help
We need your help in our revolution!
We helped you so you owe us!
We have an alliance so you have to help!

12. Washington Opts for Neutrality
Sorry fam. We gotta stay neutral cause we’re still too new
President Washington knew the nation was still too new and too weak to fight a war
He declared that the USA would stay neutral and not pick sides in the French Revolution
Not cool

13. $$$ $$$ Pinckney’s Treaty Treaty with Spain
Gave the U.S. use of the Mississippi River and port of New Orleans
$$$

14. Treaty with Great Britain
Jay’s Treaty
Treaty with Great Britain
British agreed to leave their forts in the U.S. but could continue trading fur

15. Washington’s Farewell Address
Don’t make permanent alliances with other countries
Avoid political parties because they destroy national unity