1. Photosynthesis & Respiration
Energy for Plants & Animals

2. Animals vs. Plants
Animals cannot make their own food and survive on their own
Animals either have to eat plants or other animals to survive
Plants CAN make their own food
This is why PLANTS are the beginning of the FOOD CHAIN

3. Sun’s Energy
All energy comes from the sun either directly or indirectly
Energy comes from the sun directly to plants as they use the sunlight in photosynthesis
Energy comes from the sun indirectly to animals through eating plants (that got their energy from the sun) or other animals

4. Photosynthesis Plants food making process
Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction where ENERGY from light (sun) is changed to CHEMICAL ENERGY which plants can use
The converted chemical energy is turned into sugar which is called glucose

5. Light, Water, Carbon Dioxide
All plants need three things to grow
Light (sun)
Water (rain)
Carbon Dioxide (Atmosphere)

6. Chloroplasts & Chlorophyll
Photosynthesis takes place in a tiny piece of the plant called the Chloroplast
Chloroplasts have Chlorophyll in them
This is what gives the leaves of the plants their green color
Chloroplasts are located in the leaves of the plants

7. Sunlight Sun shines down onto a plant
The sunlight shines onto the leaves of the plant which is where the Chloroplasts are
The Chlorophyll in the leaves trap the sunlight to make sugar

8. Carbon Dioxide & Water
Next the plant takes in Carbon Dioxide through the Stomata in the leaves
Next the Water is taken from the ground through the plant’s root system

9. Water + Carbon Dioxide + Sunlight
The water from the roots combine with the Carbon from the atmosphere and the sunlight from the sun to make GLUCOSE (sugar energy)
The plant then stores the glucose in the stem & flower of the plants

10. Plant Waste = Oxygen
When these three combine they don’t use everything and some of it is turned to waste and given off back into the atmosphere. This waste is called Oxygen

11. Respiration
Respiration is another chemical reaction that works with photosynthesis
It is the opposite of photosynthesis
It released energy to organisms and its waste is Carbon Dioxide

12. Animals Eat & Breathe
Animals eat a plant or another animal and get glucose from that plant or animal they ate
Animals breathe in the oxygen that the plant gave out as waste

13. Mitochondria goes to Work
The glucose (sugar) (carbs) and the oxygen travel to the Mitochondria which is part of each animal cell
Mitochondria breaks down the oxygen & glucose (carbs) and releases water vapor & carbon Dioxide into the air
At the same time it releases energy into the cell

14. Transpiration
Transpiration is when plant leaves open their cells to take in carbon dioxide and lose water to evaporation
Stomata & guard cells open
Water Evaporates
Carbon Dioxide enters the plant
Transpiration is important because it moves the water throughout the plant

15. Opening the Stomata
Plant opens the Stomata of the leaf to let water vapor out & Carbon Dioxide in
The plant immediately wants to replace the water it lost through the stomata
Transpiration makes the roots suck more water from the ground

16. Moving through the Plant
Transpiration bonds the water molecules together & the Xylem sucks the water up through the stem & all the way to the flower (working against gravity)

17. How do they Relate
Photosynthesis & Respiration use each other to continue their process
In order to complete Photosynthesis the plant must have Carbon Dioxide which they can only get from animal respiration
In order to complete Respiration the animal must have Oxygen which it gets from the plant when the plant goes through photosynthesis
In order for Transpiration to occur the plant must take in carbon dioxide from respiration

18. Important Points Plants are the beginning of the FOOD CHAIN
Photosynthesis & Respiration work together & relate to each other
Photosynthesis combines Carbon+Water+Sunlight to give the plant energy
Respiration breaks down glucose + Oxygen and releases energy in the process
Photosynthesis takes place in the Chloroplasts which is inside the plant cells
Respiration takes place in the Mitochondria which is inside the animal cells