1. George Orwell’s Animal Farm
Essential Vocabulary
Historical Background Info
Propaganda & Advertising

2. Nine Essential Vocabulary Words
“Word” = definition
[in my own words it means…]

3. 1. Allegory
(n): the representation of an abstract meaning through material form.
(n): the meaning of characters is used for a deeper moral.
[in my own words allegory means…]

4. 2. Propaganda
(n): information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely for the intent of harm.
[in my own words, propaganda means…]

5. 3. Totalitarianism “Toe-Tal-i-Tare-ian-ism”
(n): absolute control by the state.
[in my own words, totalitarianism means…]

6. 4. Ensconce (v): to settle or hide securely.
[in my own words, ensconce means to…]

7. 5. Ignominious (adj): marked by humility, shameful, degrading
[in my own words, ignominious means…]

8. 6. Communism
(n): a theory of social organization based on holding all property in common.
[in my own words, communism means…]

9. 7. Pseudonym (n): a fictitious name created to conceal one’s identity.
[in my own words, a pseudonym is…]

10. 8. Revolution
(n): an overthrow of an established government; a sudden or complete change in something.
[in my own words, a revolution happened when…]

11. 9. Dystopia
(n): a society characterized by misery, oppression, and overcrowding.
[in my own words, a dystopia is…] you can’t write “school” 

12. George Orwell 1903-1950 Pseudonym…Born “Eric Blair”
explores political corruption,
government involvement/
control, social injustices
Socialist
Criticized for unflattering
descriptions of Joseph Stalin and Soviet Union in AF
[why would an author use a pseudonym?]

13. Historical Background: Karl Marx (1818-1883)
German philosopher
Invents Communism
“workers of the world, unite”
Take over government
Dies before Russian Revolution
[what do I know about Marxism?]

14. The Struggle for POWER
WWI prompts Russian anger at Tsar Nicholas II (1917). Short on food, factory wages too low.
Russia! 

15. Vladimir Lenin & Leon Trotsky
Lenin- Marxist. The Bolsheviks. The “Red” army.
Leon Trotsky- communist. Marxist. Wanted to improve Russian life! Good speaker.

16. Lenin’s demise Becomes ill
Becomes apprehensive about Stalin’s aggressiveness
Dies of a heart attack
Trotsky’s still around! Trotsky v. Stalin begins!

17. Historical Background cont’d
Joseph Stalin- a
b. not a good speaker
c. opposed Marx’s ideas
d. “Five Year Plans”
1. industry!
2. exile
3. KGB
c. orders Trotsky be assassinated!

18. Good Speaker v. Poor Speaker
Leon Trotsky
Ethos- credibility
Pathos- emotion
Logos- logical
Joseph Stalin
???? Propaganda
???? Spies
???? Lies!

19. The Wonderful World of Advertising
Six Propaganda Techniques
In your notes, clearly define each technique.
Consider the following:
How many do you (or WILL you) recognize in advertisements?
Which one tends to persuade YOU most? Why?

20. Bandwagon
Persuading a consumer by telling them others are doing it.

21. Testimonial
A product is sold by using words from famous people or an authority figure.
“I use this product; therefore, you should too…”

22. Transfer
A product is sold by the name or picture of a famous person or thing.

23. Repetition
When the product’s name or slogan is repeated at least four times in an ad.
* Radio advertisements excel with this technique!

24. Emotional Words
When words that will make a consumer feel strongly about someone or something are used.

25. False Idols The “same” body & face is portrayed in most ads.
Men are more interested in women portrayed in ads.
Consumers falsely believe their body is their best asset and should be flaunted.

26. “Animal Farm” Web Quest/Project
Your team will present/explain:
1. one essential unit vocab word
its definition
an image/picture representing word
a memory cue to help remember it
2. An assigned historical person
tell us details about his life
find and include a picture of him
tell us what made him famous

27. Project Step One: Graded “Silent Discussion” 15 minutes!
Your team will gather around a piece of paper with your assigned person AND vocabulary word.
Select one color marker to be YOUR “voice.”
“Discuss” the person and term with your teammates through writing and making connected “webs.” What do you know, what’s your opinion, what questions do you have?
Allow one person to write at a time. Any noise/speaking/gestures will decrease your entire team’s grade by ONE ENTIRE LETTER GRADE!
Example…..