1. Bellringer Day 8- A goal of the Granger and Populist movements was to
A. expand rights for African Americans
B. help western farmers fight unjust economic practices
C. provide support for the banking industry
D. enable big business to expand without government interference

2. Progressive Era Learning Targets:
U4T17 I can assess the goals, successes, and failures of the progressive movement.
U4T18 I can identify progressives and explain their contribution to the progressive movement.

3. The Problems of 1880- 1920 Huge Gap between rich and poor
Tremendous economic and political power of the rich
Wealthy were insensitively flaunting their wealth before a poorer public
Look at the progressive problems
Read through all of the Progressive Problems and rank them in order of importance (1— most important, 8—least important). Then brainstorm possible reforms for each problem

4. Goals of the Progressive Era
The strong progressive movement demanded that the powers of government be applied to solving the political, economic and social problems of industrialization.
1) Protect Social Welfare
2) Promote Moral Improvement
3) Create Economic Reform/Foster Efficiency
4) Reform Government

5. 3 types of reforms Social- improve common person’s condition in life
Political- make society more democratic
Economic- increase economic opportunity

6. Have student s go around the room to find information
Put them out of order so students have to choose if it is social, political, or economic

7. Social Reforms

8. Pure Food and Drug Act: required truthful labeling of products sold to consumers
In response to unregulated claims and unhealthy products, Congress passed the Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906
The Act halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling
The Pure Food and Drug Act took medicines with cocaine and other harmful ingredients off the market

9. Roosevelt’s Environmental Accomplishments
Roosevelt set aside 148 million acres of forest reserves, 1.5 million acres of water-power sites, 50 wildlife sanctuaries, and several national parks.
Forest Reserve Act: set aside public forests to be used as national parks and reserves

10. Instead find a better way to assimilate immigrants into our society.
Settlement Houses: provided housing, food, education, child care, cultural activities, and social connections for immigrants in urban areas
Employers felt little responsibility toward their workers, especially immigrants
As a result Settlement homes, like Jane Addams’ Hull House, and churches served the community
Also the YMCA and Salvation Army took on service roles
Instead find a better way to assimilate immigrants into our society.

11. “The Jungle” Leads to Food Regulation
After reading The Jungle by Upton Sinclair, Roosevelt pushed for passage of the Meat Inspection Act of 1906.
The act mandated cleaner conditions for meatpacking plants.

12. 18th Amendment: decreased availability of alcohol by prohibiting its production, sale, and transport
Some reformers felt that the answer to society’s problems was personal behavior. They proposed such reforms as prohibition.
Groups wishing to ban alcohol included the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)

13. Political Reforms

14. Initiative/Referendum/Recall
Citizens fought for, and won, such measures as secret ballots, referendum votes (legislative acts could be approved by people), and the recall (removal of a public official, often deemed corrupt,from office by a vote of the people )
Citizens could petition and get initiatives on the ballot

15. Direct Election Of Senators
Before 1913, each state’s legislature had chosen U.S. senators. To force senators to be more responsive to the public, Progressives pushed for the popular election of senators.
As a result, Congress passed the 17th Amendment in 1913.

16. Election Reform- Secret Ballot
Citizens fought for and secured such measures as secret ballots.
In 1899, Minnesota passed the first statewide primary system.
voters marked their ballots within the privacy of a curtained booth

17. Economic Reforms

18. PROTECTING WORKING Conditions
hours were reduced, minimum wage was established, workman’s compensation was provided, restrictions on child labor
Keating-Owen Act - As the number of child workers rose, reformers worked to end child labor
Children were more prone to accidents caused by fatigue
Nearly every state limited or banned child labor by 1918
Keating-Owens Child Labor Act
The Supreme Court(Muller v. Oregon) and the states enacted or strengthened laws reducing women’s hours of work

19. Federal Income Tax Arrives
Wilson worked hard to lower tariffs, however, the lost revenue had to be made up and was when the 16th Amendment instituted a graduated federal income tax.

20. Clayton/Sherman Anti-Trust Act
In 1914 Congress enacted the Clayton Anti-Trust Act that strengthened the Sherman Act.
It had an anti-trust provision that prevented companies from acquiring stock from another company and supported workers’ unions.
Roosevelt filed 44 antitrust suits under the Sherman Antitrust Act including JP Morgan’s Northern Securities attempt to consolidate the nation’s railroads; Rockefellers Standard Oil; and James Duke’s American tobacco

21. Regulation/ Federal Trade Commission
The FTC was formed in 1914 to serve as a “watchdog” agency to end unfair business practices. The FTC protects consumers from business fraud.
state and federal government increased their oversight of public utilities (e.g. electricity) and private industries (e.g. railroads), paying particular attention to customer rates and preferential treatment

22. Back to notes

23. NAACP FORMED TO PROMOTE RIGHTS
In 1909 a number of African Americans and prominent white reformers formed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
The NAACP had 6,000 members by 1914
The goal of the organization was full equality among the races
The means to achieve this was the court system
1964 Application

24. LIMITS OF PROGRESSIVISM
While the Progressive era was responsible for many important reforms, it failed to make gains for African Americans
Like Roosevelt and Taft, Wilson retreated on Civil Rights once in office
The KKK reached a membership of 4.5 million in the 1920s

25. Progressive Era
Expose the ills of society brought on by the Industrial Revolution and Big Government
urbanization
social disorder (labor)
political corruption
Write new laws to correct social problems
Ideas based on Populism and goals of labor movement
Government can be an instrument of social change

26. Evaluating the Progressive Era
Successes ??
Failures ??

27. Exit Slip/ Study Guide
Work on questions ______. Remember you need to get a 3 to show mastery of the learning target.