1. Do Now (Doc 1): 1. What year is this map depicting?
2. How many European countries have colonies in this area?
3. What European country has the most colonies?

2. What do you know about America before Columbus got here?

3. Time Period: 33,000 BCE – 1769 CE

4. Start with 6 minutes left!

5. The Shaping of North America
Earth= billions of years old
Written history= 6,000 years old
European colonization in “new world”= 500 years old

6. Pangaea (225 million years old)

9. Over millions of year . . . Continental drift moves continents apart
Shifting and folding of earth’s crust creates landforms

10. Such as . . .

15. 2 million years ago . . .

16. =

19. Peopling the Americas
During the Ice Age, sea levels dropped

21. People cross bridge
Ice Age ends, ice melts (about 10,000 years ago)
Sea levels rise
People cut off from each other

22. By 1492, approximately 54 million people inhabited North and South America!

23. 3 major south American societies
Incas (Peru)
Aztecs (Mexico)
Mayans (Central America)

25. Aztecs, Incas, Mayans Agriculturally advanced (maize)
Complex cultures/societies
Mathematics, astrology, fierce warriors
No draft animals

26. Revolutionary!

27. Pair-Share
Why is corn revolutionary?

28. Cultivation of maize (corn):
Transforms ancient societies from:
Small, nomadic, hunter-gatherer groups
to:
Large, settled, organized agricultural villages

31. An aside . . . The Aztecs practiced human sacrifice
Some estimates suggests about 5,000 people per year were ritually slaughtered

32. But . . .
Between 1530 and 1630, England executed 75,000 people

37. Maize Reached different societies in North America at different times
Southwest: around 2000 BCE

38. Pueblos

44. FYI
Pueblo means village in Spanish and actually refers to a variety of Southwestern cultural groups

45. South vs. North American societies
Impermanent settlements vs. large nation-states
This difference will affect how easily Europeans can take over

46. Exceptions:
Cahokia- (near present-day St. Louis) was once home to about 25,000 people
Chaco Canyon (modern day New Mexico)
Both fell into decline by about 1300 CE

49. About 1000 CE
Three-sisters farming

50. Why is this important?

51. Nutrient Rich diet produced:
High population density in the North:
Creek
Choctaw
Cherokee

52. Iroquois Confederacy
Leader: Hiawatha
Read: pages 36 and 37

53. Women in Native American societies:
In most settled agricultural groups:
Women tended crops while men hunted and fished and gathered fuel
Women had substantial societal authority
Matrilineal societies

54. Native Americans and Nature
Europeans vs. Native American views
Neither desire or means
Did have an effect

55. Exit Ticket Look at the map on pg. 9 of Pageant book Questions:
Are you surprised at the number of tribes on the map?
How do you think the variety of tribes/cultures will impact European colonization of North America?