1. Media, Propaganda, and advertising

2. Where we’re headed… Media overview What is propaganda?
Difference between propaganda and advertising
The advertising process

3. What is media? All media technologies used for mass communications
And the organisations which control these technologies
Media is the plural form of medium, which (broadly speaking) describes any channel of communication.

4. What is Media? cont…
This can include anything from printed paper, radio, television, to digital data, and encompasses art, news, educational content and numerous other forms of information.
Why is media?
informative (as a key aspect of democracies, to give important information to a populace)
educational (for use in schools)
entertaining (to allow for creative expression, community-building, and pleasure)
advertising (to market a product – and lifestyle – to potential consumers)

5. It’s always getting better!!

6. What is “Mass” Media?
A section of the media specifically designed to reach a large audience.
The term was coined in the 1920s with the advent of nationwide radio networks, mass- circulation newspapers and magazines.
Mass media (for a decade now) also includes Internet media because individuals and organizations now have a means to exposure that is comparable in scale to what was previously restricted to a select group of mass media companies.

7. Influence of mass media
Key role in political power
Shaping public perceptions on important issues
Shaping modern culture (belief, values, traditions)

8. Types of media: PRINT Paper and ink
Rise of popularity and influence in the late 15th century
Newspapers, magazines, classifieds, circulars, journals, yellow pages, billboards, posters, brochures, and catalogues

9. Types of Media: Recordings
Use of storage media
Late 19th century
Gramophone records, magnetic tapes, cassettes, cartridges, CDs, DVDs, HD cameras

10. TYPES of Media: Cinema Film: Story conveyed with moving images
Since approx.1900
Cameras, animation, visual effects
Types of films
Comedy, Drama, Horror, Action, Children's, Suspense/Thriller, Fantasy, Crime, Romance, Science Fiction, Documentary, Family, Mystery

11. TYPES OF MEDIA: RADIO
One-way transmission over radio waves intended to reach a wide audience
Since around 1910
College, Commercial, Community, International broadcasting, Music, Pirate, Public

12. Types of media: Television
Telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images (usually with sound)
Since about 1950
News, Movies, Situation comedy, Sports events, Audience participation, Talk/conversation, Music, Reality-based show, Devotional/religious

13. Types of media: INTERNET
World Wide Web (since about 1990)
Websites (news, blogs, social networking, wiki)
Forums/message board
Internet telephony (e.g. VoIP, facetime, etc)
, Instant messaging and chat
Streaming audio (podcasts, Internet radio)
Streaming video (webcasts, podcasts, YouTube videos)

14. Types of media: Smart (mobile) PHones
Originally enabled mobile telephone calls across a wide geographic area
Now a mobile, complex computer system in pocket
Increasing amounts of our work lives, relationships and entertainment spent via avatar
Since about 2000 … especially exploding in 2007 with first iPhone
The first personal mass media
Permanently carried (by most)
Always on (for most)
Built-in payment mechanisms
The most accurate audience measurement (collection of endless metadata)

16. Let’s talk for a bit…
Can you remember a time you convinced someone to do something or buy something or believe something?
What was it?
How did you convince them?
Do you think you are good at convincing people?
How did this make you feel?

17. What is Propaganda?
1 ~ the spreading of ideas, information, or rumor for the purpose of helping or injuring an institution, a cause, or a person
2 ~ ideas, facts, or allegations spread deliberately to further one's cause or to damage an opposing cause
Indoctrination or “mass suggestion”
Propaganda is the deliberate, systematic attempt to shape perceptions, manipulate cognitions, and direct behavior to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of the propagandist.”
—Jowett & O'Donnell, Propaganda and Persuasion

18. Nerd alert!! Etymology
In late Latin, propaganda meant "things to be propagated".
In 1622, shortly after the start of the Thirty Years' War, Pope Gregory XV founded the Congregatio de Propaganda Fide ("Congregation for Propagating the Faith"), a committee of Cardinals with the duty of overseeing the propagation of Christianity by missionaries sent to non-Catholic countries.

19. Characteristics of propaganda
It is often times difficult to differentiate propaganda from its close relatives, advertising and journalism. The line between these things is often blurry. However, there are a few characteristics common to propaganda:
Propaganda is one-sided.
“I’m persuading. The other guy is using propaganda.”
Propaganda has a strong ideological bias
example: PETA
Propaganda is institutional in nature. It is practiced by organized groups
governments, corporations, social movements, special interests, military, etc.

20. Characteristics of propaganda
Propaganda is directed at whole populations; mass persuasion
television, radio, Internet, billboards, etc.
Propaganda appeals to emotions
Successful if there is a strong emotional connection; often based on fear
Propaganda tends to rely on ethically suspect methods of influence.
deception, distortion, misrepresentation, or suppression of information.
Sheryl Tuttle Ross’s Epistemic Merit Model of propaganda. This model states that an important characteristic of propaganda is that its message has a flawed epistemology: in other words, that it is epistemically defective. "We can say that a message, M, is epistemically defective if either it is false, inappropriate, or connected to other beliefs that are inapt, misleading, or unwarranted."

21. Techniques of Propaganda
Coming UP!!!
Techniques of Propaganda