1. Life in Northern and Southern Europe
Lesson 3

2. Aging Populations Standard of living has increased
Infant mortality rate is down (babies who die within a year)
Why is the population not growing faster?
Birthrates have declined (fewer people having children)
Older people are the majority of the population

4. Where People Live (SE)
More people are living in cities than ever before
Italy early 1900’s: Rome, Milan, Naples had about 500,000 residents
Today those cites combined have almost 10 million!
60% of Greece is city dwellers
75% of Spain’s population live in cities (The Meseta Central Region looks almost empty)
Madrid, Spain has a population of more than 5 million
Population density of Madrid is 1,750 persons per square mile
Population density of all of Spain is 220 persons per square mile

6. Where People Live (NE)
Northern Europe’s population is even more concentrated in the cities
Half of Iceland’s population live in the Capital Reykjavik

8. Ethnic and Language Groups
Northern Europe:
Mostly Homogeneous with some diversity (immigrants from Asia/Africa)
Most of the original settlers were Sami, or Lapps
Most made their living by fishing or hunting
Denmark, Sweden and Norway developed a German based language
Danish, Swedish, and Norwegian
Similar to each other
Finland (Finnish) is closer to Slavic
Unrelated to the other languages
Closer to Hungarian and Estonian languages

9. Southern Europe: Mostly homogeneous, but more diversified
Greece for example has small populations of Turks, Albanians, Macedonians and Rom (gypsies)
People of Italy speak Italian, but in it’s northern regions minority groups also speak German, French or Slovenian
Spain has multiple dialects of Spanish: Castilian is the most common others include Catalan and Galicia

12. Religion and Arts
The Protestant Reformation was very successful in Northern Europe
Many people converted from being Catholic to Lutheran
More than three-quarters of all people living in Northern Europe belong to a Lutheran church.
The Reformation had little impact on Southern Europe
Spain, Portugal and Italy still belong to Roman Catholicism
Greece is 98% Greek Orthodox
Muslim immigrants, however, have been changing the religious makeup

13. Spanish music has been influential all over Europe
Because of the Renaissance, Italy made many contributions to art and architecture
Spanish music has been influential all over Europe
The Spanish, more than any other people, made the guitar a serious musical instrument
LEGO building blocks were invented in Denmark
Tour of Lego Factory in Denmark

14. Renaissance Art

15. Sagrada Familia in Barcelona, Spain

16. Daily Life
Norway, Sweden, and Denmark have a literacy rate of almost 100% (Everyone can read good!)
Taxes are relatively high in the countries of Northern Europe, because of welfare capitalism
The government uses tax money to provide services to all citizens such as healthcare and education

17. Earning a Living Northern Europe Work in service industries
Standard of living is high
High taxes
Practice welfare capitalism
Government uses tax money to provide a variety of services to all citizens
Examples: Health care and education
Intention of welfare capitalism
To ensure that all people have access to those aspects of life considered essential
Even people who might not be able to afford them

18. The EU (European Union)
Goals: To provide social, economic, and security policies to it’s members
Northern European members- Denmark, Sweden and Finland
Southern Europe- Spain, Portugal, Italy and Greece

23. Challenges Cultural Conflict- the immigration issue
There is growing number of immigrants from non-European nations flooding Northern and Southern Europe
This creates a changing cultural landscape that sometimes leads to conflict and violence

24. Recession 2008 Financial crisis swept the world
Europe experienced a recession – a period of slow economic growth or decline
Iceland
3 biggest banks failed
Spain and Greece
Hit hard
Greece
Unable to pay its debts
Became a threat to the economies of all the European countries