1. Course Business Writing Assignment 8 was due before class today.
Don’t forget your official course evaluation…worth 1% of final grade.
Send us a screenshot.
Research participation should be DONE.
Final exam is MONDAY 8-10.
Just over the last section of the course.

2. Neurological Disorders

3. Alzheimer’s Disease
Dementia is the permanent loss of multiple intellectual functions: memory, problem solving, etc.
Alzheimer’s Disease is the most common type of dementia
4.5 million people across the nation
60,000 in Alabama alone
Slightly more common in women than men
What is AD?

4. Alzheimer’s Disease Symptoms
Memory impairment (Amnesia)
Aphasia:
loss of ability to understand spoken or written word (receptive) and/or the inability to speak (expressive)
Apraxia:
Loss of the ability to perform remembered motor tasks, for example, buttoning a shirt, turning a door know, eating or walking
Agnosia:
loss of the ability to recognize sensory messages (e.g. what things look or feel like) or visual agnosia (e.g. the face of a close relative or the feel of car keys)

5. Alzheimer’s Disease Symptoms
Executive functioning disturbance
Depression (25%)
Hallucinations and Delusions (false beliefs)
Poor judgment, irritability, inappropriate behavior
Major personality changes
Wandering, hoarding, undressing
Resisting care, hostility
Patients appear healthy
Different mixtures of symptoms
The Face of AD

6. Alzheimer’s Disease Prognosis
8-10 years after onset of symptoms
Longer survivals because organ systems are not damaged
New Treatment
Ways to protect yourself:
Stay mentally and social active
Stay physically fit
Control blood pressure and heart disease
Visit your doctor regularly
Treat depression

7. Parkinson’s Disease Around 1 million 1% of people over 60
Average age of onset 60

8. Parkinson’s Disease Dopamine Cause unknown
Required for normal body movement
PD brain cells lose ability to produce enough dopamine for normal body movement
Could be inherited or environmental (toxins and/or infections)
Cause unknown
Signs: frozen shoulder, pain in one limb, no lab tests available, brain scans to rule out other conditions
Michael J. Fox
Muhammad Ali
Love and Other Drugs

9. Parkinson’s Disease Symptoms
Develops slowly over many years
Motor and non motor symptoms
Each patient is unique and develops unique symptoms
Motor:
muscle stiffness/rigidity, tremor, slowness, and walking change, freezing episodes, Brady kenesia, loss of posture
Non motor:
sweating, anxiety, constipation, low mood, and panic attacks, experience hot and cold, changes in sensation
Parkinson's Gait

10. Parkinson’s Disease Treatment: Physiotherapy Exercise Surgery
Medications: replace or imitate dopamine
Levodopa and MOA-B inhibitors
Dopamine agonists: activate dopamine receptors (tricking the brain into believing it has dopamine)
Must take medications regularly throughout day to stave off symptoms

11. Huntington’s Disease Genetic disease 1 in 10,000
Chromosome #4
Autosomal dominant (only one parent needs to have it for a child to be at risk)
Gene discovered in 1993
1-3% of cases occur with no family history
1 in 10,000
About 30,000 in the UA

12. Huntington’s Disease Begins in middle age Degenerative Basal Ganglia
Motor control
Organize thoughts
Regulate emotions

13. Huntington’s Disease Symptoms
Movement
Clumsy, restless, twitches, muscle spasms
Difficulty walking, talking
Chorea: writhing and twisting movements
Huntington's Movement
Thinking
Hard to start conversations and understand what’s said
Dementia
Mood
Depression, apathy, aggression, anxiety, sexual changes
Partially due to life changes and partially due to biological changes

14. Huntington’s Disease There is no cure.
Living well can help to deal with symptoms
Exercise, diet, speech therapy, physical therapy, occupational therapy, support groups

15. Huntington’s Disease
If a parent has it, you have a 50% chance of having it
A family struggles
Would you want to know?