1. THE NEW REPUBLIC
AS PRESIDENT GEORGE WASHINGTON TOOK OFFICE IN 1789, AMERICANS LOOKED TO THE FUTURE WITH PRIDE AND HOPE

2. GEORGE WASHINGTON’S INAUGURATION
Ceremony at which the President officially takes the oath of office
April 30, 1789
New York City (National Capital)
Vice-President John Adams

3. PRECEDENTS (prehs uh dent)
An act or decision that sets an example
“There is scarcely any part of my conduct which may not hereafter be drawn into precedent.”
Addressed as President
First Cabinet
Served 2 terms (Followed until 1940)

4. WASHINGTON’S CABINET NAME POSITION AGE Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of State 46
Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of Treasury 34
Henry Knox
Secretary of War 39
Edmund Randolph
Attorney General (Justice Department) 36

5. FIRST POLITICAL PARTIES
There were no political parties when George Washington became President.
Origins of the political party began with two of Washington’s Cabinet members whom opposed each others views and opinions about most government policy.

6. FEDERALISTS vs. REPUBLICANS
Led by Hamilton
Wealthy & educated should lead the nation
Strong federal government
Emphasis on manufacturing, shipping, & trade
Loose interpretation of the Constitution
Pro-British
National Bank
Protective Tariff
Sell new bonds to pay off old investors’ bonds
Led by Jefferson
People should have political power
Strong state government
Emphasis on agriculture (farming)
Strict interpretation of the Constitution
Pro-French
Opposed National Bank
Opposed Protective Tariff
Unfair to people who sold bonds early

7. BUSINESS EXPANSION TARIFFS-a federal government tax on imported goods.
BANKING-a business where tariff and bond money is kept to pay government bills and loan money to businesses.
LAND GRANTS-a government gift of public land for service in the Revolutionary War (later for railroads, highways, or state colleges).
SUBSIDIES-financial assistance given by the government to people or businesses.

8. EARLY REBELLIONS
Attempts to defy the government took place during the early republic.
The outcome of these rebellions differed due to the strength of the federal government at the time.

9. DOMESTIC REBELLIONS ITEM SHAYS’ REBELLION WHISKEY REBELLION LOCATION
Massachusetts
Western Pennsylvania
DATE
1786
1794
CAUSE
Property taxes
Liquor taxes
U.S. GOV’T RESPONSE
Could not respond
(no army)
Washington called out PENN militia to stop it
IMPACT/ SIGNIFICANCE
Realized the need for a strong Constitution
Showing power made the military (& gov’t) strong

10. NATIVE AMERICAN CONFLICTS
Many American settlers were moving into the newly organized Northwest territory, in some places like the Ohio Valley at a rate of 10,000 per year.
There are several conflicts between the Native Americans or the Indian Confederacy and the military.
NATIVE AMERICAN CONFLICTS

11. NATIVE AMERICAN CONFLICTS
General “Mad Anthony” Wayne’s troops defeat Blue Jacket at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
General Wayne and 92 chiefs sign the Treaty of Greenville granting the southern half of what is now Ohio to the Americans.

12. WASHINGTON’S FAREWELL ADDRESS
1796
Announced his retirement
He urged the United States to remain neutral in any relations with European nations.
Washington retired to his Mount Vernon home in Virginia, where he died in 1799.

13. WASHINGTON’S WORDS TO OUR NATION…
“Observe good faith and justice towards all nations. Cultivate peace and harmony with all.”
“Steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world.”
Should we follow Washington’s advice? Did we?

14. JOHN ADAMS PRESIDENCY
Election of 1796 Adams President and Jefferson Vice-President
Problems?
State vs. Federal Power

15. JOHN ADAMS PRESIDENCY XYZ Affair
French and British seizing American ships. The British stop, while the French ignore Jay’s Treaty. The French refuse to stop unless a bribe is paid. Americans are angered that Adams refuses to go to war.
Alien and Sedition Acts
The president can get rid of any dangerous foreigner
Immigrants have to wait 14 instead of 4 years to vote
Citizens could be fined and jailed for criticizing the Government

16. CONSEQUENCES
Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions written by Jefferson and Madison say states can nullify a federal law they deem unconstitutional
Federalist Party dissolves
Election of 1800 is decided after 3 votes by Congress to eliminate a tie, and Thomas Jefferson becomes President with Aaron Burr as Vice-President