1. Vocabulary Review
Cells

2. Process by which a cell engulfs droplets of fluid from its surroundings
Pinocytosis

3. Physiological process by which substances may move through a cell membrane; involves the formation of tiny, cytoplasmic granules
Endocytosis

4. Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Osmosis

5. Process that requires an expenditure of energy to move a substance across a cell membrane
Active Transport

6. Condition in which a solution contains a lesser concentration of dissolved particles than the solution to which it is compared
Hypotonic

7. Cytoplasmic organelle that consists largely of RNA and functions in the synthesis of proteins
Ribosome

8. Process by which body cells divide to form two identical cells
Mitosis

9. Cytoplasmic organelle that contains digestive enzymes
Lysosomes

10. A state of balance between two opposing forces
Equilibrium

11. Membranous cytoplasmic sac formed by an action of the cell membrane
Vesicle

12. Process by which a cell engulfs and digests solid substances
Phagocytosis

13. Nuclear material that gives rise to chromosomes during mitosis
Chromatin

14. Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion in which substances are moved through membranes from high to low concentration by carrier molecules
Facilitated Diffusion

15. The contents of a cell surrounding its nucleus (cytosol + organelles)
Cytoplasm

16. A cellular organelle that is enclosed by a double-layered membrane and contains DNA – “Brains of the operation”
Nucleus

17. Cellular organelle consisting of two centrioles; form spindle for mitosis
Centrosome

18. A small structure that occurs within the nucleus of a cell and contains RNA and proteins
Nucleolus

19. Random movement of molecules from high to low concentration
Diffusion

20. Rod-like structure that appears in the nucleus during mitosis; contains genes responsible for heredity
Chromosome

21. Open to passage or penetration
Permeable

22. Condition in which a solution contains a greater concentration of dissolved particles than the solution with which it is compared
Hypertonic

23. Process by which cells become structurally and functionally specialized during development
Differentiation

24. A solution that has the same concentration of dissolved particles as the solution with which it is compared
Isotonic

25. Cytoplasmic organelle that contains enzymes responsible for aerobic respiration; produces ATP ~ “powerhouse”
Mitochondrion

26. Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoplasmic organelle composed of a system of interconnected membranes, tubules, and vesicles for transporting materials
Endoplasmic reticulum

27. A cytoplasmic organelle that functions in preparing cellular products for secretion
Golgi apparatus

28. Definition
TERM

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