1. 1 2 3 An ecosystem consists of
A. many populations of a number of species.
B. all the places on Earth where life exists.
C. only the abiotic environment such as rainfall and soil.
D. a community of organisms and its abiotic environment.
Plants that cannot tolerate water with a constantly changing salt content are NOT likely to be found in
A. a freshwater stream.
B. a pond.
C. the neritic zone.
D. an estuary. 2
Tim saw a flock of pelicans flying inland above the Savannah River. What part of an ecosystem did Tim see?
A. organism
B. population
C. community
D. abiotic environment 3

2. 4
Biomes can be used to classify living systems because similar organisms live in a particular biome regardless of where that biome is located. Like all of the eastern United States, Ohio’s biome is temperate deciduous forest. What are the characteristics of temperate deciduous forest? Be certain to address types of plants and animals and their adaptations, as well as normal climate throughout the year.

3. In which major ocean zone are plants and animals exposed to air for part of the day?
A. intertidal zone B. oceanic zone
C. neritic zone D. benthic zone 5
An abiotic factor that affects marine ecosystems is
A. the temperature of the water.
B. the depth of the water.
C. the amount of sunlight that passes through the water.
D. All of the above 6 7
Breaking down food for energy using oxygen is called
A. Fermentation B. Cellular Respiration
C. Glucose Formation D. Photosynthesis

4. 8
Plant cell
Chloroplast
Use the diagram and the chemical equation above to explain in detail how plants like this one produce food for themselves using the process of photosynthesis.

5. 9 10 Almost all of the energy used by living things comes from
A. Photosynthesis B. The Sun
C. Cellular Respiration D. Food 10
The chemical equation above shows the process of
A. Photosynthesis B. Electricity to Magnetism
C. Cellular Respiration D. Plant Food

6. 11
What do muscle cells use when they can’t get oxygen for cellular respiration?
A. fermentation
B. photosynthesis
C. breathing
D. exercise 12
What does yeast form during fermentation?
A. lactic acid
B. carbon dioxide
C. glucose
D. bacteria

7. 13 What happens to most of the energy that grass gets from sunlight?
A. The grass stores the energy.
B. The grass feeds prairie dogs.
C. The grass uses the energy to live.
D. The grass gets rid of the energy 13

8. What do atoms of elements in a group have that makes their properties similar?
A. the same atomic mass
B. the same number of protons
C. the same number of outer level electrons
D. the same total number of electrons 14
At the atomic level, what makes elements reactive?
A. having a filled outer level
B. exchanging or sharing electrons
C. having the same number of electrons
D. having the same number of protons 15

9. 16
The diagram on the left shows the formation of Sodium Chloride, NaCl, otherwise known as Table Salt. Almost all atoms like these two obey what is known as the OCTET RULE for chemical energy and bonding. Explain in detail what the OCTET RULE is and all possible methods atoms use to satisfy the rule.

10. 17 18 19 20 How did Mendeleev arrange the elements?
A. by increasing density
B. by increasing melting point
C. by increasing shine
D. by increasing atomic mass 17 18
What is each horizontal row on the Periodic Table called?
A. group
B. family
C. period
D. property 19
What is another name for group on the Periodic Table?
A. period
B. family
C. element
D. electron
What is a compound that adds hydroxide ions when dissolved in water called?
A. an acid
B. a base
C. sodium
D. neutral 20

11. Look at the diagram above
Look at the diagram above. How is the sound energy carried away from a drum?
A. by a transverse wave
B. by a longitudinal wave
C. by a perpendicular wave
D. by wave combinations 21

12. ????
What term is given to the part of the wave in the above diagram labeled by the 2 arrows?
A. wavelength
B. frequency
C. crest
D. amplitude 22
What measurement term is used to describe the frequency of a wave?
A. height
B. hertz
C. speed
D. wavelength 23

13. 24 25 Which of these is not a factor in the wave equation?
A. wave speed
B. amplitude
C. frequency
D. wavelength
What happens to wavelength when the wave’s frequency is cut in half?
A. It is tripled.
B. It is the same.
C. It is doubled.
D. It is halved. 25

14. 26

15. 27

16. 28
In any physical or chemical process, what 2 quantities are always conserved?
matter and total energy
light and acoustic energy
density and thermal energy
gravity and potential energy

17. A teacher places a ribbon of magnesium on a wire and suspends it in a flask. She
then seals the flask and runs electricity through the wire to ignite the magnesium.
After the magnesium is completely burned, a student notices a white powder in
the bottom of the flask. The mass of the flask system (the flask and its contents) is
determined before and after the magnesium is ignited. 29
Which statement correctly compares the mass of the flask system before the
magnesium burned with the mass of the flask system after the magnesium burned?
A. The mass of the flask system before burning is greater than the mass of the
flask system after burning.
B. The mass of the flask system before burning is less than the mass of the
C. The mass of the flask system before burning is the same as the mass of the
D. The mass of the flask system before burning is not related to the mass of the

18. 30
Sea otters are marine mammals that live in giant kelp forests along the Pacific
coast of North America. Sea otters have an important role in the food web of this ecosystem. When sea otters are removed from the giant kelp forest, the kelp also begins to disappear.
Explain why the absence of sea otters would lead to a decrease in the giant kelp.
Then, choose another organism in the food web and explain why the decreasing
amount of giant kelp would affect that organism.