1. Chesapeake Bay Pollution

2. Chemical = Toxic Substances
Types of Pollution
Chemical = Toxic Substances
The introduction of toxic substances into an ecosystem.
Clearly Human Caused.

3. Types of Chemical Pollution
Petroleum Products
Crude and Refined Oil
Inorganic Chemicals
Heavy Metals
Lead & Mercury
Toxic Compounds
TBT – Tributal Tin
PCB – Polychlorinated Biphenals
Pesticides & Herbicides
Acid Rain – Sulfur Dioxide

4. Thermal = Heat/Temperature
Types of Pollution
Thermal = Heat/Temperature
Varying temperatures above or below the normal conditions.
Electrical power plants release hot water after making steam to turn the turbine.
Manufacturing plants use water as a coolant.
Dams release cold water from the base of the dam.

5. Organic = Living things = Nutrients
Types of Pollution
Organic = Living things = Nutrients
Oversupplying an ecosystem with nutrients.

6. Types of Organic Pollution
Animal Waste (including raw sewage)
Farms and Untreated Sewage
Bacteria and Viruses
Organic Waste
Treated Sewage, Paper Mills, and Food Processing Plants
Fertilizers
Chemical and Natural (Poop)

7. Problem with Organic Pollution (EUTROPHICATION)
Excess nutrient.
Causes algae to grow.
Algae die after nutrient is used up.
Bacteria (Decomposers) use up Oxygen.
Organisms die from lack of oxygen.

9. Ecological = Natural Types of Pollution
Pollution created by natural processes.
Adding a substance that is not naturally occurring.
(Extreme tides add salt water to fresh)
Increasing the amount of a naturally occurring substance.
(Sediment in runoff – clogs gills and blocks sunlight)

10. Chesapeake Bay Rivers

11. Fertilizers Susquehanna River Main Pollution Sources
Nutrients from crop runoff
Nutrients due to livestock = Manure (Poop)
High sediment loads
Cropland runoff
Fertilizers

12. Fertilizers Potomac River Main Pollution Sources
Acid from mining – makes river as acidic as vinegar.
Sewage treatment plants.
Livestock = Manure (Poop)
Cropland runoff
Sediment from fields.
Fertilizers

13. Fertilizers James River Main Pollution Sources Industrial discharges
Kepone contamination
Creosote
Shipyards –TBT
Sewage treatment plants
Cropland runoff
Fertilizers

14. The Elizabeth river, a tributary of the James river, is one of the most polluted rivers in the United States.

15. Fertilizers Rappahannock River Main Pollution Sources Least Polluted
Sewage treatment plants
Cropland runoff
Pesticides, Herbicides, Nutrients
Fertilizers

16. Fertilizers York River Main Pollution Sources Sewage treatment plants
Paper Mills
Lumber mills
Cropland runoff
Fertilizers

17. Three main problems with the Chesapeake Bay
Decline in Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV).
Excessive Nutrients.
Toxic material buildup in the sediment.

18. Decline in SAV Why important Why important Food source
Protective cover
Buffer wave action – retards erosion
Why important
Found in shallow water
Roots in the sediment
Unable to photosynthesize
suspended particles/sediment
overabundance of phytoplankton

19. EUTROPHICATION Excessive Nutrients From Causes
Fertilizers (Rural and Urban)
Sewage
Organic waste
Manure (Poop)
Causes
EUTROPHICATION

20. Toxic Material in Sediment
What are these
Metals – cadmium, copper, lead
Organic compounds
PCBs, Kepone, DDT
(DDT=Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane)
What do these cause
Low survival rate of offspring
Lesions and cancers in older species
Premature death
Toxins accumulate in shellfish