1. CHAPTER 10
The Union in Peril

2. North- Industry and Immigration
Most work in factories
North becomes more anti slavery
Fear job competition
Railroad expansion connects the cities

3. South is mostly agricultural
1/3 of the population lived in the south
South didn’t rely on RR’s mostly rivers
The majority favored slavery and feared it’s demise

4. Wilmot Proviso- California, Utah, New Mexico would be closed to slavery forever.
Divided congress along regional lines
Further divided the North and South
California gold rush attracts massive amounts of immigrants.
Cali’s new constitution forbade slavery( uh hello Missouri Compromise?)

5. In the senate southerners threaten to secede. Compromise of 1850
Cali as a free state
Utah and N.M decide their own fate
TX/NM border issue solved
Slave sale banned in DC but not slavery itself
Fugitive Slave Act required those in free states to capture escaped slaves

6. Personal liberty laws- forbade the imprisonment of runaway slaves, guaranteed a trial.
South…not happy
Underground Railroad secret passages which led runaway slaves to freedom
Most famous conductor was Harriet Tubman

7. Popular sovereignty- the ability of the people to decide
Kansas Nebraska Act-divided the territory into two- Neb to the North, and KS to the South
It passed and abolished the Missouri Compromise, now all land would vote on slavery

8. Bleeding Kansas- John Brown felt he had been called by god to fight slavery
Pottawatomie Creek- he pulls 5 men from their beds and hacks off their hands to defend abolition