1. Chapter 4– Preparing for the Future
Social Studies
Chapter 4– Preparing for the Future

2. Jobs and Job Sectors
Economists categorize the kinds of work in to several main sectors
1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Tertiary
4. Quaternary
5. Quinary

3. Primary Job Sector
Work in this sector includes harvesting and extracting natural resources.
Some examples include: farming, fishing, forestry, and mining.
Although these types of jobs have been around for centuries, they look very different than they did in the past.
For instance, a dairy farmer today may have a computer program that tracks the cows or a logger has machinery much more efficient and powerful than the axes of the past.

4. Secondary Sector
Work in this sector is mainly construction and manufacturing.
Construction involves building things such as homes, towers, and bridges.
Manufacturing oftentimes involves turning raw materials into useful products.
This includes the making of furniture, clothing, and packaged food.
Companies often make products and sell to other companies who then make another product.
An example of this is steel being manufactured and sold to make cars.

5. Tertiary Sector
People working in this sector provide a service to others.
Some examples are:
nurses, teachers, bus drivers, actors, salespeople, and government workers.
This sector also included utility companies like:
Newfoundland Power,
Rogers Cable, and
Bell Aliant.

6. Quaternary Sector
This sector involves working with ideas and information.
One type of job in this sector involves working in a laboratory to research new ideas and create new products.
example – health care, communications, education
An example of this is research lipsticks to make them last longer and creating new colours.
Another job type is working with communications and information technologies that create, store and transmit information electronically. Examples are bloggers, computer programmers, system analyst and computer operators.

7. Quinary Sector
 The most recent sector involves high level decision making.
Decisions are made by top level executives, scientists, government officials, media, educational institutions and non-profit organizations.
Examples:
government members,
DFO scientists,
university president,
judges.

8. Diversified Economies
As economic system that has a good balance of jobs in all sectors is called a diversified economy
It has
most of the jobs in the tertiary and quaternary sectors,
some jobs in the secondary sector, and
less jobs in the primary sector

9. What are Statistics? P
Statistics are information that is gathered and represented in the form of numbers
Information can be presented in the form of graphs such as
Line graphs, circle graphs, bar graphs, pictographs
A graph makes it easier to see patterns or results of information because it gives us a visual representation of the information.

10. Graphing Activity Think it Through – Page 64
Complete a, b, and c related to the data shown in the chart on page 64.

11. The Global View
No country’s economy is separate from the economies of other countries
Almost all countries make goods that are sold to other countries and buy goods from other countries
Being able to trade with other places gives us a much bigger market for products that are being made in our country
Global trade also means that Canada doesn’t totally control its own economy
Things such as taxes and rising prices can make the economy fluctuate drastically.
Most importantly, Canada needs to stay on good terms with other countries that are trading partners

12. Forecasting the Future
To forecast the economy, economists look at things such as local and social trends as well as demographics of a place
What are demographics?
Demographics are statistics about a population
It can include data such as,
age, gender, number of births and deaths
Income, education, etc
Statistics are analyzed so that, over time, they can identify certain trends in society.

13. Social Trends
Social trends are important ideas that start to shjape the ways people do things
Examples?
Using alternative energy sources such as wind power and solar power instead of gas and oil
This can have many economic effects such as:
Increase use of alternative energy
New jobs in the area
Loss of jobs in the oil industry
Changes in the levels of pollution based on lowered gas and oil use

14. Terms to write in your notes
Sector
Primary sector
Secondary sector
Tertiary sector
Quaternary sector
Quinary sector
Diversified Economy
Statistics
Demographics
Circle Graph
Bar Graph
Line Graph
Pictograph
Cause and Effect Chain