1. America Claims Empire What is the continental United States?
Why did the United States expand westward after the American Revolution?

2. American Continent Expansion
Treaty of Paris of 1783
Great Britain - after American Revolution
Louisiana Purchase (1803)
East of the Rocky Mountains to about the Mississippi
Helped fund Napoleon
Fear of French “sphere of influence”
Area where a country has economic/military control in another land
Annexation of Texas (1845)
Most of Texas and some of Colorado, New Mexico, and Oklahoma
Texas revolution
Emigration of Mexico to Mexico-Texas
Texas asked for slave emancipation

3. American Continent Expansion
Oregon Country (1846)
Obtained from France and Britain (fur traders)
Established the 49th Parallel as the Northern border
Mexican Cession (1848)
Results from the Mexican War (United States and Mexico)
Started with Texas annexation
Alaska (State – 1959)
Purchased from the Russian Empire – financial problems
William Seward $ $0.03 an acre (secretary of State under Lincoln – “Sewards Icebox”)
Hawaii (State – 1959)
Strategic lifting point to Asia
American Expansionism

4. Imperialism and America
American Expansionism
Manifest Destiny
The movement of the US westward
Pressured by imperialistic European countries
Exerting political, economic, and military control over another country
Examples:
British (Africa, India, and eastern US)
Reasons for American imperialism:
Increase in military strength (political reason)
Need for a strong navy (Alfred Mahan)
Thirst for New markets (economic reason)
Need for more raw materials
Need for new markets to sell goods
Overproduction (problems?)
Couldn’t absorb all the products being created
Cultural Superiority (cultural reason)
Social Darwinism
“Survival of the fittest”

5. Spanish-American War Why is there such an interest in Cuba?
Strategic location and resources (others?)
Spanish Empire Questions (put in quiz)
Colonial powerhouse: (possessing colonies – purpose of…?)
Philippines, Guam (Pacific), and Caribbean islands of Cuba and Puerto Rico
Order of events exercise
Cuban Independence
First War for Independence
Ended slavery on the island
Second War for Independence
Herding population into concentration camps
Yellow journalism
Writing style that exaggerates the news to lure and enrage readers
Results in growing American sympathy

6. Spanish-American War U.S.S. Maine War in the Philippines
Purpose – “business” trip
Protect American lives and business interests (sugar and mining)
Exploded – blamed on Spanish mine – (article)
McKinley asks Congress for the Declaration of War
War in the Philippines
Stop any resources that would help the Spanish
War in the Caribbean
Blockade of Cuba (why?)
To stop any type of resource that may help the Spanish win
American forces were ill-equipped
Lack of modern guns, wool uniforms, inadequate supplies
Results in volunteer soldiers
Rough Riders – San Juan Hill (elevation the key to this war)
Results of the Spanish-American War
End of the Spanish Empire
Free Cuba, turned over Guam, Puerto Rico, and sold the Philippines to the United States
Video

7. Picture Analysis
Link

8. Acquiring New Lands Puerto Rico Cuba Philippines (Section 2)
Mixed feelings
Independence vs. Statehood (chart - why?)
Strategic location
Gulf of Mexico and proximity to the Panama Canal
Cuba
Granted “independence”
US issues the Platt Amendment
Ultimate purpose was to maintain control in Cuba
Could make no treaties
US could intervene with Cuba
Could not go in debt
US to buy land for military/navy
Philippines (Section 2)
Gateway to the rest of Asia
Philippine-American War (3 years – American victory)
Placed rebels into “designated zones”

9. Acquiring New Lands China in 1900 (Questions) Panama Canal
European “spheres of influence”
Territorial area over which a country has political or economic influence
Open Door Policy
European imperial powers to share trading rights in China w/ US
Results in the Boxer Rebellion (KWL)
Chinese nationalists defending land against foreign powers
Panama Canal

10. America as a World Power
Panama Canal
Canal to cut through Central America
Originally proposed: Nicaragua or Panama
Shorter time for trade and naval movements
Policy toward Latin America
“Speak softly, but carry a big stick…” – Teddy Roosevelt
Afraid of LA countries coming under European control
TR emphasized the Monroe Doctrine and added Roosevelt Corollary
Monroe Doctrine - European countries are NOT to intervene L.A. affairs
Roosevelt Corollary - U.S. to be international police in Western Hemisphere
“If any nation in the Western Hemisphere appeared politically and financially so unstable as to be vulnerable to European control, the United States has the right and obligation to intervene.”