1. October 7, 2013 Bill Nye Cell Warm Up: What does eukaryote mean?
Homework: Using your notes from Inside Eukaryote Cells, Reading Guide for 14/2, & the handout Cell organelles prepare for Tomorrow’s Exit Quiz on cell organelles.

2. Cell Structure & Function

3. Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells.
Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

4. Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

5. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell

6. Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

7. Prokaryotic Do not have structures surrounded by membranes
Few internal structures
One-celled organisms, Bacteria

8. Eukaryotic Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
Most living organisms
Plant
Animal

9. “Typical” Animal Cell

10. “Typical” Plant Cell

11. Cell Parts
Organelles

12. Surrounding the Cell

13. Cell Membrane
Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell
Double layer

14. Cell Wall Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria
Supports & protects cells

15. Inside the Cell

16. Nucleus Directs cell activities
Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane
Contains genetic material - DNA

17. Nuclear Membrane Surrounds nucleus Made of two layers
Openings (nuclear pores) allow material to enter and leave nucleus

18. Chromosomes and Chromatin
In nucleus
Made of DNA
Contain instructions for traits & characteristics
Strands of DNA are called Chromatin

19. Nucleolus Inside nucleus
Contains RNA and proteins that make up ribosomes, in other words the nucleolus makes ribosomes.

20. Cytoplasm Gel-like mixture
Surrounded by cell membrane (plasma membrane)
Organelles float in the cytoplasm

21. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Moves materials around in cell
Smooth type: lacks ribosomes
Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface

22. Ribosomes Each cell contains thousands
The function of the ribosomes is to make proteins
Found on ER & floating throughout the cell

23. Mitochondria
Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking glucose
Respiration:

24. Golgi Bodies Protein 'packaging plant‘ (vesicles)
Move materials within the cell
Move materials out of the cell

25. Lysosome Digestive 'plant' for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal via vesicles
Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes

26. Vacuoles Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal
Contains water solution
Help plants maintain shape

27. Chloroplast Usually found in plant cells Contains green chlorophyll
Where photosynthesis takes place