1. COMMON URINARY DISORDERS
URINARY SYSTEM
COMMON URINARY DISORDERS

2. RENAL CALCULI Kidney stones Made of calcium and uric acid crystals
Gradually they get larger until they block ureters
First symptom – severe pain
Other symptoms:
Nausea and vomiting, frequency, chills, fever, hematuria
Diagnosis – by symptoms, ultrasound or x-ray
Rx – increase fluids, medications, lithotripsy

4. LITHOTRIPSY Surgical procedure to remove kidney stones
Shock waves hit dense stones and break them up
Done on outpatient basis

5. TERMS Nephritis Incontinence Infection or inflammation of the kidney
Involuntary urination

6. NEPHRITIS

7. CYSTITIS Bladder infection, usually caused by E. Coli bacteria
Symptoms – dysuria (painful urination) and frequency
More often in females (shorter urethra)
Rx - antibiotics

8. DIALYSIS Hemodialysis Treatment for kidney failure
Involves the passage of blood through a semipermeable membrane
Dialysis serves as substitute kidney
Can be done at home or in clinic
Usually takes 2-4 hours, 2-3 times a week

10. KIDNEY TRANSPLANT As a last resort to treat kidney failure
Involves donor organ from someone with a similar immune system
Main complication - rejection

11. TERMINOLOGY and TREATMENTS
Enuresis – bedwetting
Glycosuria – sugar in urine
Nocturia – frequent urination at night
Polyuria – large amounts of urine
Pyuria – pus in urine
Anuria – no urine
Dysuria – painful urination
Hematuria – blood in urine
Diuretic – a drug or substance that increases the amount of urine secreted

12. READING: “Effects of Aging” pg. 436 “Medical Highlights” pg. 437
“Career Profile” pg. 438