1. I.Post-WWII Foreign Policy
Objective 10.04

2. A. Cold War Basics Difference between a “cold” war and a “hot” war
Cold: No actual battles between two countries, just lots of threats/hostility and competition
Hot: military conflict – traditional war; shooting, bombing, invading
Cold war with the Soviet Union from 1945 – 1991
Both the U.S. and the Soviet Union wanted to be the superpower of the world.
Communism vs. capitalism
Communism – economy and wealth is controlled by the government; everyone makes the same amount of money and has the same amount of everything.
Capitalism – people own property/businesses, make different amounts of money, and anyone can do it.

3. B. Cold War Causes
Yalta Conference– leaders of the Allies meet to determine what to do with the world.
Split Germany into East Germany and West Germany:
West is controlled by Europe, East is controlled by the Soviet Union.
Agree that everyone living in the country should decide what government they want.
Potsdam Conference – create German recovery plan
Soviets feel threatened when Truman tells them about the atomic bomb, became suspicious.
Create pro-Soviet, communist governments in all the countries around – called “satellite nations” because of Soviet influence.

4. C. Iron Curtain
Winston Churchill called this new divide the “Iron Curtain”.
Who is the divide between?
Why would he use the word “iron”?

5. D. Marshall Plan U.S. plan to rebuild European economy.
Why would it need to be rebuilt?
Billions of dollars were invested into industrial machinery, supplies and food.
Offered to the Soviet Union and the “satellite nations”, but they rejected it.
Side goal: prevent Europe from becoming communist by helping them recover.
Successful – rebuilt a capitalist economy.

6. Guided Practice
In your opinion, who do you think is more responsible for starting the Cold War – the US or the Soviet Union (USSR)? Write two arguments that support your position on your guided notes sheet.
After working independently, we will debate the issue by having you choose the side of the room that reflects your belief.
Door: US’s fault
Window: USSR’s fault

7. Exit Ticket
1) Which of the following best explains the “iron curtain”? a. An iron wall built between East and West Berlin. b. A line of military fortifications that spread across Europe at the end of World War II. c. A figure of speech used by Winston Churchill to describe the division between communist Europe and capitalist Europe. d. A reference to the defensive capacities of the Soviet Army.

8. Exit Ticket
2) Which of the following was not a main effect of the Marshall Plan? a. By maintaining government spending at a high level, it kept the post-war American economy from dropping off. b. By forcing Western Germany to pay for war repairs, it ensured that former Nazis would stay out of power. c. By helping out the economies of Western Europe, it opened new markets for American goods. d. By increasing the standard of living in Western Europe, it helped make communism less attractive to European voters.

9. 3) Why did the Cold War begin? Explain two reasons.
Exit Ticket
3) Why did the Cold War begin? Explain two reasons.