1. Ming Dynasty China Background
The European voyages of exploration had let to opportunities of trade….By the time Portuguese ships dropped anchor off the Chinese coast in 1514, the Chinese had driven out their Mongol rulers and united under a new dynasty.
Ming Dynasty ( ) Ming rulers not going to allow outsiders from distant lands to threaten peace and prosperity the Ming had brought to China .when they ended Mongol rule
The Ming dynasty was the last native Chinese dynasty in China - “Ming” means brightness, The name was chosen by the first Ming Emperor as a contrast to the dark period in which the dynasty came to power

2. Qing Dynasty China Background
1644, Manchus invaded China and established the Qing Dynasty
ruled China for over 260 years
upheld traditional Confucian beliefs and social structures
Manchuria

3. Qing Dynasty China Rulers
Kangxi (kahng shee)
Became emperor in and ruled for 60 years
Reduced government expenses
Lowered taxes
Placed intellectual people and scholars in government offices

4. Qing Dynasty China Rulers
Qian-Long (chyahn lung)
Ruled from
Expanded the borders of China
Made China more prosperous

5. Qing Dynasty China Foreign Policy
Viewed China as the cultural center of the universe
Welcomed foreigners but made them follow many restrictions
Had to pay tribute to Qing rulers
Could only trade at certain ports
Had to “kowtow” to Qing rulers (kneel before them and touch head to the ground nine times)

6. Qing Dynasty China Society
The use of irrigation and fertilizer helped to increase food production, leading to a population increase
Men dominated the household
Families lived with paternal grandparents to ensure that aging parents could be helped with farming
Female infanticide (killing infants)
Women’s rights were very limited

7. Tokugawa Japan Background
A civil war in began an era of disorder and rule by local war lords
Daimyos were feudal lords who controlled private armies of samurai warriors

8. Tokugawa Japan Rulers Oda Nobunaga (oh-dah noh-boo-nah-gah)
A powerful daimyo who seized Japan’s capital in 1568
He believed in ruling the empire by force
Eliminated all enemies
Committed suicide when one of his powerful generals betrayed him

9. Tokugawa Japan Rulers Tokugawa Ieyasu
(ee-ye-ya-soo)
Became the shogun, or “sole ruler”, in 1603
Unified Japan
Maintained control of daimyo by requiring them to spend half their time living in Japan’s capital & holding their families hostage when they returned home to their lands
Founded the Tokugawa Shogunate (dynasty of shoguns that ruled unified Japan until 1867)

10. Tokugawa Japan Foreign Policy
At first, welcomed foreigners
Began to dislike the influence that Christian missionaries had on Japanese culture (abandoning traditional beliefs & fear of uprising)
Banned Christianity in 1612 and began to persecute all Christians
In 1639, began a “closed country policy”
Only one port remained open to foreigners, but only Dutch and Chinese traders were allowed
Japanese were forbidden from leaving Japan

11. Tokugawa Japan Society
Confucian values emphasized agriculture, not business
Increased population and urbanization
Emperor (no power) , Shogun (military commander)
Daimyo (powerful landholding samurai)
Samurai (warriors)
Peasants, artisans
Merchants

12. Review: Who’s Who? Kangxi Qian-Long Nobunaga Tokugawa Ieyasu
Placed intellectual people and scholars in government offices
Became the shogun “sole ruler” in 1603
He believed in ruling the empire by force
Founded the Tokugawa Shogunate
Committed suicide when one of his powerful generals betrayed him
Reduced government expenses & lowered taxes
Maintained control of daimyo by requiring them to spend half their time living in Japan’s capital & holding their families hostage
Expanded the borders of China and made China more prosperous
Kangxi
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Nobunaga
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Nobunaga
Kangxi
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Qian-Long

13. Review: China or Japan? China Japan Japan China Japan China Japan
Invaded by Manchus in 1644 who set up the Qing Dynasty
Confucian values emphasized agriculture, not business
Authority figure was a shogun (military commander)
Female infanticide common
Banned Christianity in 1612 & persecuted Christians
Required foreign traders to “kowtow” before Qing Emperor
Had a “closed country policy”
Forbade natives from leaving the country
Had a feudal period where daimyo controlled private armies of samurai warriors
Men dominated household & women’s rights were limited
China
Japan
Japan
China
Japan
China
Japan
Japan
Japan
China