1. CHAPTER FIVE SECTION 2

2. ROCK FORMATION
IGNEOUS

3. IGNEOUS WHEN MELTED ROCK COOLS AND FORMS SOLID ROCK. MAGMA-
MELTED ROCK INSIDE THE EARTH
VERRRRRYYYYY HOTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
LAVA
MELTED ROCK THAT COMES OUT OF THE CRUST A GOOD EXAMPLE IS GRANITE

4. SEDIMENTARY
LITTLE PIECES OF BROKEN ROCK THAT ARE DRIED OUT AND SQUISHED TOGETHER
USUALLY WATER CARRIES LITTLE PIECES OF ROCK FROM MOUNTAINS ON IT’S WAY TO THE OCEAN .THE RIVER SLOWS AND THE PIECES FALL OUT.
AN ANIMAL MIGHT DIE AND SINK INTO THE ROCK AND BECOME A FOSSIL

5. FOSSILS TYPES OF FOSSILS PETRIFIED –
WHEN THE MINERALS IN THE LITTLE ROCKS REPLACE THE ORGANISM
MOLD-
A HOLLOW SPACE WHERE AN ORGANISM WAS BEFORE IT TOTALLY DECAYED
CAST-
When a hollow mold fills up and takes the shape of the organism
Preserved remains-
When an organism falls into ice and is flash frozen or
Falls into a tar pit- no oxygen available to decay the organism

6. METAMORPHIC
WHEN ROCK IS IN THE CRUST SOMETIMES IT CHANGES INTO ANOTHER TYPE OF ROCK.
WHAT TWO FORCES MIGHT ACT ON THE ROCK TO CHANGE IT ( WHAT HAPPENS AS WE GO DEEPER INTO THE CRUST)
PRESSURE FROM ALL THE ROCK ON TOP OF IT
HEAT- FROM GETTING CLOSER TO THE MAGMA

7. DETERMINING A FOSSIL’S AGE
RELATIVE DATING-
THE AGE IS DETERMINED BY WHERE IT IS FOUND
ON TOP –
IT IS THE NEWEST
ON THE BOTTOM-
IT IS THE OLDEST

8. DETERMINING A FOSSILS AGE
ABSOLUTE DATING
WHEN WE USE RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL TO DETERMINE A FOSSIL’S AGE

9. MATERIAL X TAKES 1000 YEARS FOR IT’S HALF LIFE TO DECAY INTO MATERIAL Y
HOW OLD
10 GRAMS
0 GRAMS
5 GRAMS
2.5 GRAMS
7.5 GRAMS

10. WHAT DO FOSSILS REVEAL FOSSIL RECORD
WHEN WE COMBINE ALL THE FOSSILS WE HAVE FOUND
EXTINCT
WHEN WE CANNOT FIND ANY LIVING MEMBERS OF A SPECIES

11. HOW FAST DOES EVOLUTION OCCUR
GRADUALISM
PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIA
WHEN A SPECIES CHANGES OVER MANY YEARS IN REPONSE TO A GRADUAL CHANGE IN THE ENVIRONMENT.
WHEN A PECIES CHANGES RAPIDLY TO A RAPID CATASTROPHIC CHANGE IN THE ENVIRONMENT

12. WHICH ONE IS TRUE - WHY GRADULISM BECAUSE THE FOSSIL RECORD
PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIA
BECAUSE THE FOSSIL RECORD

13. SECTION REVIEW
1. DESCRIBE THE FOUR WAYS THAT FOSSILS FORM IN SEDIMENTARY ROCK .
CAN FOSSILS FORM IN IGNEOUS OR METAMORPHIC ROCK- WHY
2. EXPLAIN RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE DATING.
HOW DOES ABSOLUTE DATING WORK?
3. WHAT IS THE FOSSIL RECORD?
HOW DO GRADUALISM AND PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIA EXPLAIN THE FOSSIL RECORD.