1. Colonial Challenge!
Name the original 13 colonies
Number them in order of when they were founded

3. The First Inhabitants of North America
Land Bridge
Countless tribes
2,000 languages
diverse religions, cultures and ways of life.

4. Early in the Age of Discovery 1000 - 1400
1000 C.E. The Norse (Vikings)
First explorers across the Atlantic
Europeans focused on Asia
Crusades 11th to 14th centuries
Military efforts unsuccessful
Crusaders discovered Eastern luxuries.
Overland transport to Asia
Dangerous, slow and expensive
Led to alternative routes by sea

5. Discovering Alternate Routes to the East: 1492-1609
Wanted: Get the treasures of the East to markets in the west
Faster, easier, cheaper
First sea route to the Asian trading world
Portugese explorer Vasco Da Gama
Race to the East, by sailing West.
Principal voyages of discovery
Spain, Portugal, France , Netherlands & England.
Each looking for a faster, easier route to Asia.

6. From Explorers to Colonists
1585 first English attempt at settlement in North America
Elizabeth I
Roanoke
Life in the early colonies:
Attacks on/by Native Americans
Malaria
disease, malnutrition and starvation
1590 Roanoke deserted
Became known as “Lost Colony”
1607 second English attempt at settlement in North America
James I
Jamestown
1625 of 8,000 colonists, only 1250 survive.
The first years known as the “starving years”
Better organized, discovered tobacco, colony survived

8. The English are Coming! Economic Incentives
England is overpopulated
million residents
Enclosure movement
Worldwide demand for wool
Farmers enclose their land to raise sheep
Less food is grown
Displaced farm workers move to cities

9. The English are Coming! Religious Incentives
Henry VIII
1529
The English Reformation
Henry VIII split from the Catholic Church
Created Church of England
Puritans
Wanted to “purify” the Church of England
Simplify worship, reduce power within the church hierarchy
Separatists
More radical Puritans
Determined to worship in independent congregations
(against the law)
Pilgrims

10. European Colonization in North America
three European outposts in North America:
Spain: Sante Fe
France: Quebec
England: Jamestown
But colonization efforts were very different…

11. European Colonization
France
Economic
Coureurs de bois, fur trappers & traders
Foundation of French colonial economy
Religious
Missionaries made early ties to Native societies
Social/cultural
Among the first to explore deep into the continent
Formed partnerships, lived among, intermarried with Native people
Populated very slowly
Political
Ruled by the monarchy
Beneficial relationships with Native Americans
Spain
Economic
Looking for gold and silver
Consistent with theory of mercantilism
Religious
Mission to spread Christianity
Social/cultural
Enslaved native people
Intermarried with indigenous people
Created a racial hierarchy Spanish – Mestizos – Natives that gave way to economic hierarchy
Political
Ruled by the monarchy
Small ruling class dominated a large existing population

12. European Colonization
England
Economic
Source of natural resources
Markets for growing industries
Consistent with theory of mercantilism
Religious
Religious discontent and instability
People seeking religious refuge
Social/cultural
Plantation model - separated from natives
Populated quickly with families
A place to send surplus population
Enslaved people
Political
Varying degrees of royal control and self-rule
Create a new English society in the New World

13. Early Colonial America Schedule
Week One 5/17-5/21
Monday
Chapter 1
Tuesday
Research
Wed/Thurs
Map project and presentations
Friday
Labor in the colonies
Week Two 5/24-5/28
Monday
Mercantilism
Tuesday
Research
Wed/Thurs
Summit
Friday
unit test
essay (due 6/1)

14. Assignments and Due Dates
15% Reading guides (3)
25% Map and presentation
25% Summit
25% Essay
10% Participation
Reading Guide due dates:
Chapter 1
Due Tues 5/18
Chapter 2 – your colony
Chapter 2 – part 1
Due Friday 5/21
Chapter 2 – part 2
Due Tuesday 5/25