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Biotechnology Mr. Greene Page: 78
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Biotechnology – The use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products.
Examples ( Do not write) DNA fingerprinting Cloning Genetic Engineering Genomics Genetic Screening & Therapy
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Created by cutting DNA using special restriction enzymes.
DNA Fingerprinting- representation of parts of an individual’s DNA molecule. Created by cutting DNA using special restriction enzymes. Then spreading the DNA pieces out and comparing the fragment sizes.
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Polymerase chain reaction – PCR – Amplifying a single DNA strand into millions of copies.
Artificial DNA Replication.
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Cloning- producing genetically identical organism or gene.
Isolate the desired gene or entire DNA, then add it to a viable host. Also called genetic engineering.
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Genome is all of organisms DNA.
Genomics is the study of DNA. Studying the sequence of nucleotides and what do they mean. Human Genome Project – 1990 Identify all of the human genes from the 3 billion nucleotides. 30,000 to 40,000 genes. Helped Identify pieces of DNA that code for human traits and disorders.
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Genetic screening – testing DNA to determine of risk of having or passing on a genetic disorder.
Gene therapy – replacement of defective or missing genes.
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