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Vocabulary List 2 Find and define the following terms in your book (pgs 4-5; 83-87): Nomads Annuity Fetterman’s Massacre ( p 84) Indian Peace Commission (84) Ghost Dance (p 86) Assimilate Allotment Indian Reorganization Act (p 87)
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1862-1890 Conflict with Native Americans
Settling in the West Conflict with Native Americans
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I. Background A) Native American Culture
Hundreds of diverse tribal nations across the US for centuries Had own form of democracy / social class
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I. Background (Cont…) B) Warfare before Civil War
French & Indian War 1761 USA Settlers used smallpox blankets 8 million Indians lived in America before Columbus came. 50% killed by smallpox.
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I. Background (Cont…) B) Causes of Conflict (Cont..)
1830 Trail of Tears - 5,000 died. Andrew Jackson’s Indian Removal Act
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I. Background Video on Trail of Tears
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I. Background (Cont…) B) Differing views on: Land Ownership
No private property All share land Government Tribal Leaders did not represent all indians Settlers broke treaties with indians often
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I. Background Indian Cessions throughout the Years:
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II. Pressure to Assimilate
A) US moves into Great Plains:: Young men want new life ***Homestead Act - easy land Railroads - cheaper trvel Miners want Gold B) 150,000+ Indians forcibly moved into reservations C) Assimilation - a minority group’s adoption of the way of life of a dominating culture.
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III. Notable Conflicts A) Fetterman’s Massacre
Indians killed 80 soldiers on their way to gold mines in Montana B) Battle of Little Bighorn (General Custer’s Last Stand) Custer ignored orders Sioux Indians slaughter 200 US soldiers Public outcry after led to more troops going west C) Battle of Wounded Knee Ghost Dance - ritual celebrating day when whites go away and buffalo return Army goes after dancers because federal authority banned ceremony. 300 indian men/women/children killed
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IV. Buffalo Buffalo Buffalo
Buffalo Domestication the way of life for INdians USA knew this, so they kill 30 million Buffalo Army encouraged it. Buffalo hides were sold in the East. Video on Buffalo use
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V. Reservations A) Reservations set up worstland
Crowded, unsanitary, no economic opportunity Regulated by the corrupt Bureau of Indian Affairs B) By 1890, all Native Americans defeated and in reservations
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VI. Dawes Act of 1887 A) 1871 - Native Americans no longer own nation
B) Dawes Act - Government attempt to assimilate Citizen if 25 years on land Allotted: 160 Acres for families 80 for single adults 40 for each child BUT Indians do not farm. Sold land to speculators. THUS Indians lost 86 MILLION of their 130 million acres of land C) Could not sustain way of life without Buffalo. dependent on Buffalo for food, clothing, fuel and shelter.
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Homework WIkipedia the following 5 terms. Write a brief summary for each term in your notebook. Quality > Quantity. 1) The Grangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_National_Grange_of_the_Order_of_Patrons_of_Husbandry 2) People’s Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Party_(United_States) 3) Coinage Act of 1973 4) Cross of Gold Speechhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_of_Gold_speech 5) Gold Reservehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_reserve
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Homework WIkipedia the following 5 terms. Write a brief summary for each term. Quality > Quantity. 1) The Grangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_National_Grange_of_the_Order_of_Patrons_of_Husbandry 2) People’s Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Party_(United_States) 3) Coinage Act of 1973 4) Cross of Gold Speechhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_of_Gold_speech 5) Gold Reservehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_reserve
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