1. Introduction to animals
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2. Traits
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3. Characteristics of Animals
All multicellular (metazoans)
Eukaryotes (cells with nucleus & organelles)
Ingestive heterotrophs (take in food and internally digest it)
Store food reserves in the liver as glycogen
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4. Lions Feeding (Ingestion)
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5. Support Systems Have some type of skeletal support
Endoskeleton inside and made of cartilage &/or bone
Exoskeletons found in arthropods
Cover the outside of the body
Limit size
Must be molted making animal vulnerable to predators
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6. Cicada Molting Exoskeleton
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7. Support Systems
Worms and echinoderms (starfish) have fluid-filled internal cavities giving them support
Called hydrostatic skeletons
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8. Movement
Animals such as sponges may be sessile (attached & non-moving)
Animals that move very little are said to be sedentary (clam)
Animals that can move are motile
Have muscular tissue to provide energy for movement
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9. SESSILE
SEDENTARY
Chiton
Sponge
MOTILE
Cheetah
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10. Reproduction in Animals
All animals are capable of sexual reproduction
Some animals like sponges and earthworms are hermaphrodites producing both eggs and sperm
Hermaphrodites may exchange sperm and NOT fertilize their own eggs
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11. Leeches Exchange Sperm During Mating
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12. Reproduction in Animals
Females of some animals produce eggs, but the eggs develop without being fertilized
Called Parthenogenesis
New offspring will be all female Parthenogenesis occurs in some fishes, several kinds of insects, and a few species of frogs and lizards
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13. Parthenogenesis in the Komodo Dragon
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14. Mating and Mating Behaviors
Female
Beetles Mating
Young
Courtship
Male
Mating and Mating Behaviors
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15. Levels of Organization
Sponges are the ONLY animals that have just the cellular level
All other animals show these levels – cell, tissue, organ, and system
Cells may specialize (take own different shapes and functions)
Cells are held together by cell junctions to form tissues
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16. Levels of Organization
Molecule or compound
Atom
Organelle
Levels of Organization
CELL
Life begins
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
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17. Invertebrate groups
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18. Characteristics of Invertebrates
Simplest animals
Contain the greatest number of different species
Most are aquatic (found in water)
Do NOT have a backbone
Includes sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, roundworms, annelids, mollusks, arthropods, and echinoderms
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19. Sponge - Porifera
Osculum of Sponge
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20. Sea Anemone - Cnidaria
Tentacles of Sea Anemone
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21. More Cnidarians
Brain Coral
Red jellyfish
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22. Flatworms - Platyhelminthes
Marine Flatworm
Planarian
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23. Roundworms (Nematoda) and Segmented Worms (Annelida)
Nematode
Leech (segmented worm)
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24. Mollusca (With and Without Shells)
snail
scallop
octopus
nudibranch
nautilus
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25. Arthropoda (insects, spiders, crustaceans, horseshoe crab)
crayfish
Horseshoe crab
Dung beetle
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26. Echinoderms starfish Sea fan (crinoid) Brittle star Sand dollar
Sea cucumber
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27. copyright cmassengale