1. The Civil War (1861-1865) Review: Causes of the Civil War Sectionalism
Invention of the Cotton Gin
Missouri Compromise
Compromise of 1850
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Dred Scott v Sanford
John Brown’s Raid
Election of 1860

2. Who’s Who of the Civil War
Jefferson Davis: President of the Confederate States of America
Abraham Lincoln: President of the United States
Ulysses S. Grant: Commander of the Union Army
Robert E. Lee: Commander of the Confederate Army
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson: experienced Confederate General
William T. Sherman: Union General. Sherman’s March to the Sea through GA

3. Robert E. Lee (Confederacy-South) https://www. youtube. com/watch
Resigned from the US Army to fight for the Confederacy, but was against slavery AND opposed secession.
Most concerned about fighting his fellow Virginians.
Had graduated from West Point
Accomplished General
Throughout the War, he believed if he could win a battle in the North, the Confederacy could win the War.
Lee fought for the South because he would not fight against his home state of Virginia

4. William Sherman (Union-North) https://www. youtube. com/watch
Attacked and destroyed the city of Atlanta, a major southern railroad center, in 1864.
Sherman’s March to the Sea
The Atlanta victory helped Lincoln secure the political support that allowed him to be reelected in 1864.
Sherman’s capturing Atlanta was important for what two major reasons?

5. North vs South
NORTH Advantages 2/3 of the US population More railroads Industry Supplies availability NORTH Disadvantages Didn’t know Southern landscape Generals were not as knowledgeable/capable
SOUTH Advantages
Better Generals
Knew the territory (most battles fought in the South)
SOUTH Disadvantages
Fewer railroads
Lack of supplies
Lack of soldiers

6. Northern and Southern Resources
This would be or SSUSH9f.

7. Major Battles of the Civil War

8. Union’s Anaconda Plan
Blockade Southern ports and destroy what few Southern railways there were
Like a snake constricts and starves off oxygen from a victim

9. Fort Sumter, Charleston, SC https://www. youtube. com/watch
Fort Sumter, a Union fort in Charleston Harbor, is surrounded after South Carolina seceded in 1860.
The Union refused to
surrender the fort and
Jefferson Davis orders
Southern troops to
bombard the fort.
The fort surrenders,
starting the Civil War.

10. Antietam: 1862 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lJiMlgvygvc
Antietam, which became the bloodiest one-day battle in American history (over 22,000 casualties)
Lee is forced to retreat back into Virginia
The Union victory led
Lincoln to issue the
Emancipation
Proclamation
What might have happened if Lee defeated the Union Army at Antietam?

11. Gettysburg (PA): Turning Point of the War https://www. youtube
Lee again decided to invade the North in hope that the North would settle for peace.
-On July 2nd, Lee ordered an
attack, known as
“Pickett’s Charge” against
Union forces. The South lost 7,000 men
in under 30 minutes of
fighting.
-Lee never attempted to attach the
North again, and fought on the
defensive for the rest of the war

12. Vicksburg (MS) July 4th 1863
By 1863, Vicksburg was the last major Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River.
Grant launched a siege of the city cutting off it’s food supply and placing it under constant bombardment.
The Confederate forces surrender
July 4th 1863, which gave the
Union complete control of the
Mississippi River and cut the
Confederacy in half.
Completed the Western side of the Anaconda Plan

13. Battle for Atlanta: August 1864
Sherman marched his army south towards Atlanta, a major railroad center in the South.
He ordered all civilians out of the city and then began to burn and destroy everything of military value.
Atlanta was the beginning of Sherman’s “March to the Sea” and helped assure Lincoln a 2nd term.
Completed the Eastern side of the Anaconda Plan

14. Lincoln’s Actions During the War
Suspension of Habeus Corpus
Habeus Corpus: right to a fair trial
Cannot be illegally thrown in jail or prison
Emancipation Proclamation
-freed only those slaves in the states in rebellion
-gave the Union Army another reason
to fight: the liberation of slaves
Gettysburg Address
used the speech to redefine the purpose of fighting the war: the reunification of the Union.
2nd Inaugural Address
Reiterates his message from the Gettysburg Address when in his Second Inaugural speech he states “With malice towards none, with charity for all.”
Focus was on reuniting the country