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Equilibrium.

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Presentation on theme: "Equilibrium."— Presentation transcript:

1 Equilibrium

2 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST next THURSDAY*
3 Welcome! Announcements: *Short Quiz Fri. on Le Chatlier’s Principle* *Equilibrium UNIT TEST next THURSDAY* Warm-up: Please complete the warm-up slip. Homework:

3 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST next THURSDAY*
2, 5, 9 Welcome! Announcements: *Short Quiz Fri. on Le Chatlier’s Principle* *Equilibrium UNIT TEST next THURSDAY* Warm-up: Please complete the warm-up slip after bell rings! Homework: Finish graphing+questions and complete pages 1-2 in packet!

4 Equilibrium Game Work with a partner
Decide who will be A and who will be B Each partner needs one straw (but each has a different type) Return the extra 50mL cylinder you borrowed to front (keep your cylinder in your drawer) Work on GRAPH and QUESTIONS after clean-up! Can use colored pencils – one color for mL of A, one color for mL of B

5 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST next THURSDAY*
Welcome! 4/30/15 3 Announcements: *Short Quiz Fri. on Le Chatlier’s Principle* *Equilibrium UNIT TEST next THURSDAY* Warm-up: Please take a notes sheet and copy the EQ: You will have time to finish Equilibrium Game after 1st part of notes Homework: Review today’s notes! Short Le Chat Quiz tomorrow!

6 Essential Question What is equilibrium and how can it be changed?
Learning Target(s): #1, 2, 6 Essential Question What is equilibrium and how can it be changed?

7 Equilibrium To be at equilibrium a reaction…
Must have equal forward and reverse rates This means the concentration of products and reactants don’t change Does not mean that [products] = [reactants]

8 Equilibrium To maintain equilibrium...
Reaction must be reversible, example: A ↔ B System must be closed Nothing added or removed Temperature must stay constant

9 Disrupting Equilibrium
Changing Equilibrium Doing something to the system to disrupt the balance of the system System reacts to the change to try and restore equilibrium

10 Disrupting Equilibrium
LeChatelier’s Principle: If and when equilibrium is subject to stress, the equilibrium is shifted in the direction that relieves the stress Examples of stress: Concentration Temperature Pressure

11 Stress: Changing Concentration
Increase in concentration eq. shifts to opposite side of equation increased rate to opposite side Decrease in concentration eq. shifts to same side of equation Decrease rate to other side

12 A + 2B  C + D Example If [A] , eq shifts to _____. [B] [C] [D] right
left

13 Review / Work Time Finish Graph + Questions
Complete pages 1-2 in packet SKIP: “equilibrium constant” on pgs 1-2 Due by end of period today

14 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST next THURSDAY* *review yesterday’s notes*
2, 5, 9 Welcome! 4/30/15 Announcements: *Short Quiz Fri. on Le Chatlier’s Principle* *Equilibrium UNIT TEST next THURSDAY* Warm-up: 1) Please turn in your Equilibrium Game. 2) Have out pages 1-2 from yesterday and your notes from yesterday. *review yesterday’s notes* Homework: Review today’s notes! Short Le Chat Quiz tomorrow!

15 Stress: Changing Temperature
Treat “heat” as if it were a product or reactant Increase Temp (add heat) Causes shift to side without “heat” Decrease Temp (remove heat) Causes shift to side with “heat”

16 Stress: Changing Temperature
Example: 2 SO2 + O2 ↔ 2SO3 + heat Is this reaction exo or endothermic? What would increasing temp do? What would decreasing temp do? exothermic Shift eq. to left Shift eq. to right

17 Stress: Changing Temperature
Example: heat + PCl5 ↔ PCl3 + Cl2 Is this reaction exo or endothermic? What would increasing temp do? What would decreasing temp do? endothermic Shift to right Shift to left

18 More NO2 is present when the brown color is more dominant, and more N2O4 makes the solution a lighter color due to the fact it is colorless.

19 Stress: Changing Pressure
This stress only affects reactions with gaseous reactants or products Increasing Pressure Equilibrium shifts to side with less moles of gas Decreasing Pressure Equilibrium shifts to side with more moles of gas

20 Stress: Changing Pressure
4 moles 2 moles Example: N2(g) + 3 H2(g) ↔2 NH3(g) How many moles of gas on each side? Which direction would eq. shift if there is a decrease in pressure? Which direction would eq. shift if there is an increase in pressure? Shift to left Shift to right

21 Le Chat Practice Complete pages 3-5
Quiz tomorrow on Le Chatlier’s Principle

22 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST next THURSDAY* Unit test next Thursday!
2, 3, 5, 9 Welcome! 5/1/15 Announcements: *Short Quiz today on Le Chatlier’s Principle* *Equilibrium UNIT TEST next THURSDAY* Warm-up: Please complete the warm-up slip! Please make sure you have a pencil for quiz. Homework: Unit test next Thursday!

23 Quiz When finished with quiz, turn in to bin
Work on something silently, no cell phones/electronics

24 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST this THURSDAY*
2, 3, 5, 9 Welcome! 5/4/15 Announcements: *Equilibrium UNIT TEST this THURSDAY* Warm-up: Please take a notes sheet and look over today’s topic. Review your Le Chatlier’s Quiz. Homework: Unit test Thursday!

25 Learning Target(s): #3, 4, 5, 7 Essential Question How can we describe equilibrium quantitatively (with numbers)?

26 Equilibrium Constant: Keq
Equilibrium constant expression equations Mathematical expression of product and reactant concentration that results in a constant ratio/value. Represented as Keq At equilibrium, concentrations of reactants and products remain constant

27 Writing Keq General Format: If equation is: aA + bB ↔ cC + dD

28 Writing Keq Expressions
Guidelines: Only include (aq) and (g) substances, because (s) or (l) substances don’t change concentration Write product on top (numerator) in [ ] Write reactant on bottom (denominator) in [ ] Coefficients become exponents!

29 Writing Keq Expressions
Example: 4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) ↔ 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O (g)

30 Practice Writing Keq Page 8

31 Evaluating Keq What is Keq used for?
Can be used to determine which side of reaction is favored when at equilibrium Favored = higher [ ] Products Reactants Reactants Products

32 Equilibrium favors left if Keq is less than one
Reactants Products Equilibrium favors left if Keq is less than one Equilibrium favors reactants [reactants] > [products]

33 Equilibrium favors right if Keq is greater than one
Products Reactants Equilibrium favors right if Keq is greater than one Products are favored at equilibrium [products] > [reactants]

34 Calculating, Evaluating Keq
Pages

35 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST this THURSDAY*
2, 5, 9 Welcome! 5/5/15 Announcements: *Equilibrium UNIT TEST this THURSDAY* Warm-up: Please complete the warm-up below: Have out your learning targets (in packet). Underneath each LT, write the assignments/labs/quizzes we have done or practiced (will be projected on screen shortly!) to satisfy each LT. Certain assignments may qualify for more than one LT! Homework: Unit test Thursday!

36 Review Complete the review in your packet (pages 11-13)
We will be going over questions today in class Test is THURSDAY Formulas/Hints sheet collected Wed. Review sheet checked Wed.

37 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST this THURSDAY*
3 Welcome! 5/5/15 Announcements: *Equilibrium UNIT TEST this THURSDAY* Warm-up: Please complete the warm-up (review yesterday’s notes!) Homework: Unit test Thursday!

38 Lab Do not write on lab “instructions,” those will be returned after lab (class set) Work with your lab partner to complete each of the experiments (you do not have to go in order) Use SMALL test tubes Use DEIONIZED water! The N2O4 demo will be done with entire class After cleanup: Orange formulas/hints sheet due at end of class Review sheet will be checked at end of class Work on lab questions

39 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST THURSDAY*
3 Welcome! 5/6/15 Announcements: *Equilibrium UNIT TEST THURSDAY* Warm-up: Please have out your Keq notes from Monday and your packet! Homework: Unit test Thursday!

40 Practice, Review Complete Keq practice pages 9-10
We will go over them when time is called Formulas/Hints sheet due at end of class today If finished with above, work on lab! Today we will also be taking a practice quiz! Lab due by FRIDAY!

41 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST TOMORROW*
2, 5, 9 Welcome! 5/6/15 Announcements: *Equilibrium UNIT TEST TOMORROW* Warm-up: Please complete the warm-up slip Homework: Unit test tomorrow!

42 Lab Do not write on lab “instructions,” those will be returned after lab (class set) Work with your lab partner to complete each of the experiments (you do not have to go in order) Use SMALL test tubes Use DEIONIZED water! The N2O4 demo will be done with entire class After cleanup: Orange formulas/hints sheet due at end of class Review sheet key will be posted on website. Ask questions today in class! Work on lab questions TEST TOMORROW!

43 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST TODAY, 2nd period*
3 Welcome! 5/7/15 Announcements: *Equilibrium UNIT TEST TODAY, 2nd period* Warm-up: Please have out your packet. Begin working on your unit review, pages 11-13 Homework: Labs Due by Friday

44 Unit Review Pages 11-13

45 *Equilibrium UNIT TEST TODAY*
2, 5, 9 Welcome! 5/7/15 Announcements: *Equilibrium UNIT TEST TODAY* Warm-up: Please make sure you’re prepared for your You will need something to write with and a calculator! Homework: Labs Due Friday

46 Test After finishing test, turn in all materials to front
Work on lab or something else silently No cell phones, no electronics

47 2, 5, 9 Welcome! 5/8/15 Announcements: Our last unit test, Acids and Bases, will be after memorial day. Warm-up: **Turn in Le Chat Lab** Please take a project sheet and read over the instructions/rubric. We will be choosing topics today and starting research. Homework:

48 Green Chemistry/Chemistry Careers Project
Choose topic and start research today even if entire group is not present Groups of 1, 2, or 3 maximum You will have ONE additional class period to work on project: 5/14/15 (next Thursday) but all other work is outside of class Project DUE 5/26/15 (Tuesday after Memorial Day) Plagiarism of ANY kind will result in a zero for the entire project. Projects will be presented to class

49 Careers: Research Scientist Water Chemist Chemistry Teacher/Professor Chemical Engineer Textile Chemist Lawyer (Sci. Policy, Patents) Pulp/Paper Chemist Food Chemist Personal Care Chemist Hazardous Waste Management Agrochemist Astrochemist Biochemist/Bioengineer Forensic Chemist Environmental Scientist Nuclear Chemist Pharmaceuticals/Medical Chemistry Science Writer Green Chemistry Topics: 12 Principles of Green Chemistry Global Warming: Carbon Emissions

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