1. 12.5 Mwene Mutapa Pg

2. South of Ghana, Songhai, and Mali is the land that is present day Zimbabwe.
Today many ruins of stone walls and buildings lie there.
Mwene Mutapa

3. Mwene Mutapa These are the ruins from the Mwene Mutapa kingdom.
They were the first to settle in ancient Zimbabwe.
Mwene Mutapa

4. Mwene Mutapa They were the ancestors of the people called the Shona.
Some still live in Zimbabwe today.
Mwene Mutapa

5. The Shona settled near the Zimbabwe River to have more room to live and plant crops.
They organized into clans and built big stone houses called zimbabwes.
Mwene Mutapa

6. Mwene Mutapa The most famous city is known as Great Zimbabwe.
Historians believe this land could have been home to 20,000 people.
All buildings were built with stone.
Mwene Mutapa

7. Mwene Mutapa Stone slabs were stacked to create a smooth surface.
In some places the remaining walls are more than 15 feet wide and 32 feet tall.
Mwene Mutapa

8. Historians believe this city may have had the king’s palace.
They call it the Great Enclosure. The wall is more than 800 feet long.
The ancient Shona were farmers and raised cattle
Mwene Mutapa

9. The Shona found gold along the river and began to trade it for textiles, glass, and porcelain.
Why the Shona disappeared in the 1400s remains a mystery.
Mwene Mutapa

10. Eastern Africa’s Costal Cities
The Shona traded their gold on the eastern coast of Arica in cities built for trade.
By the 900s these cities were controlled by Arabian and Persian merchants.

11. Eastern Africa’s Costal Cities
Mogadishu was the northern most city, and Sofala was the southernmost city.
The coastal cities were not apart of any empire, they were independent.
Almost all the cities were Muslim. They all spoke Swahili to conduct business.

12. Eastern Africa’s Costal Cities
Swahili includes words from Arabic. (Swahili comes from the Arabic word that mean “coast” This language is still spoken today.
As cities grew, more items became available for trade.

13. Eastern Africa’s Costal Cities
Other popular products included ivory, rhino horns, tortoise shells, and animal skins.
Chinese admiral Cheng Ho visited often and brought back exotic animals such as giraffes and zebras.

14. Eastern Africa’s Costal Cities
Fishermen, farmers, masons, and builders also lived along Africa’s coast.
Because so many traders needed boats, boat building was profitable.
In some cities people built houses out of coral they found off the coast. $$$$

15. Eastern Africa’s Costal Cities
Culture and customs remained unchanged in Africa for centuries.
However, one new practice that harmed Africa was slave trade.
Slaves became a prominent export of Africa. (1600s)

16. Eastern Africa’s Costal Cities
Europeans came and started selling slaves to South American and North America.
The slave trade heavily decreased the population of Africa.
More than 10,000,000 slaves were traded from

17. Eastern Africa’s Costal Cities
Since slaves were traded for guns, violence increased.
Families were torn apart, and fear reigned.
Trade also brought new religions into Africa.
Often, these religions were mixed with African traditions.

18. Class Reading: Pg. 342

19. Discussion Questions What was a zimbabwe?
What id the costal cities in eastern Africa have in common?

20. WB pg