1. 13.5 The Scientific Revolution
Explain how new discoveries in astronomy changed the way people viewed the universe.
Summarize some of the important scientists and their contributions.

2. WHEN
Began during the late 1500s
Reached its peak in the 1600s

3. WHERE
EUROPE

4. WHAT The Scientific Revolution was the beginning of modern science.
Scientists said:
We challenge all accepted knowledge.
We believe something only if it can be tested and proven by experiments and observation.
We conduct systematic experiments to reveal all the laws of nature.

5. Scientists questioned EVERYTHING.
WHY
The Greeks (Aristotle) used reason to figure out scientific explanations.
Muslims (Avicenna) used reason to figure out scientific explanations.
Renaissance humanists (da Vinci) explored new ideas in every field.
Reformation leaders (Luther) discarded traditional ideas.
The Age of Exploration
Columbus had a theory: If I sail west, I should land in Asia.
1492: Clumbus ran an experiment to test his theory.
He was dead wrong: There were 2 continents (NA & SA) that Europeans did not know about.
This made scientists throw “accepted ideas” out the window.
Scientists questioned EVERYTHING.
But they never ran experiments.

6. WHO Copernicus, 1543, Poland, Started it all…
Galileo, 1632, Italy, Father of Modern Experimental Science
Francis Bacon, 1620, England, Father of the Scientific Method
Renee Descartes, 1641, France, Father of Modern Philosophy
Robert Boyle, 1662, Ireland, Father of Modern Chemistry
Isaac Newton, 1641, England, Father of Modern Science

7. HOW
Scientists ran experiments using a fixed pattern called, The Scientific Method
State your theory
Run your experiment
Observe the experiment
Record the results
Make general statements
Draw conclusions.
This can be the “accepted knowledge” that everybody believes
To test your theory!
Don’t rely on the human eye. Use scientific instruments (telescopes, microscopes, thermometers, etc.)
Use math calculations
Use math to test your logic!
Is the theory true?