1. Energy
By.Amro Elgammal

2. What is energy Energy is the ability to do work.
We use energy to do work and make all movements. When we eat, our bodies transform the food into energy to do work. When we run or walk or do some work, we ‘burn’ energy in our bodies. Cars, planes, trolleys, boats, and machinery also transform energy into work. Work means moving or lifting something, warming or lighting something. There are many sources of energy that help to run the various machines invented by man.

3. Renewable and non-renewable energy
Energy sources are of two types: nonrenewable and renewable. Energy sources are considered nonrenewable if they cannot be replenished (made again) in a short period of time. On the other hand, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind can be replenished naturally.

4. Renewable energy sources can be replenished.
Renewable(Alternative) Energy
Renewable energy sources can be replenished.
Type Of Energy
Solar
Biomas
Geothermal
Wind
Ocean
Hydropower

5. Non Renewable(Traditional) Energy
Nonrenewable energy sources come out of the ground as liquids, gases, and solids. crude oil (petroleum) is the only commercial nonrenewable fuel that is naturally in liquid form. natural gas and propane are normally gases, and coal is a solid.
Fossil Fuels (fossils= calcified remains of dead organisms)
-- Oil (mainly animals)
- Natural Gas : usually associated with oil
- Coal (mainly plants)
Nuclear Fuels - a lot of energy is given of also other dangerous products
- e.g. Uranium , Plutonium
- (fusion = join together) Hydrogen

6. There are two basic types of energy
Kinetic(Moving energy)
Potential(Stored energy)

7. Potential energy
Nuclear energy is energy stored in the nucleus of an atom — the energy that holds the nucleus together. Very large amounts of energy can be released when the nuclei are combined or split apart. Nuclear power plants split the nuclei of uranium atoms in a process called
Gravitational energy is energy stored in an object's height. The higher and heavier the object, the more gravitational energy is stored. When you ride a bicycle down a steep hill and pick up speed, the gravitational energy is being converted to motion energy. Hydropower is another example of gravitational energy, where the dam "piles" up water from a river into a reservoir.

8. kinetic
Radiant energy is electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves. Radiant energy includes visible light, x-rays, gamma rays and radio waves. Light is one type of radiant energy. Sunshine is radiant energy, which provides the fuel and warmth that make life on Earth possible. .
Sound is the movement of energy through substances in longitudinal (compression/rarefaction) waves. Sound is produced when a force causes an object or substance to vibrate — the energy is transferred through the substance in a wave. Typically, the energy in sound is far less than other forms of energy.

9. The law of conservation of energy
In physics, the law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system cannot change—it is said to be conserved over time. Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but can change form, for instance chemical energy can be converted to kinetic energy in the explosion of a stick of dynamite..

10. Who discovered the law of conservation of energy ?
James Prescott Joule FRS (/dual/;[1] (24 December 1818 – 11 October 1889) was an English physicist and brewer, born in Sanford, Lancashire. Joule studied the nature of heat, and discovered its relationship to mechanical work (see energy). This led to the Law of conservation of energy, and this led to the development of the First law of thermodynamics. The SI derived unit of energy, the joule, is named for James Joule. He worked with Lord Kelvin to develop the absolute scale of temperature. Joule also made observations of magnetostriction, and he found the relationship between the current through a resistor and the heat dissipated, which is now called Joule's first law.

11. Energy conversion
Another example of energy conversion would be an electric heater. You put in electrical energy. Heat energy comes out which usually cannot be re-harvested at home and turned back to electrical energy.
One example of energy transformation is a toaster. Electrical energy enters the toaster and converts it to thermal heat then a popping sound when the toast is done.

12. Conserving energy
Energy conservation refers to reducing energy through using less of an energy service.

13. How does sound generate electricity?
Electricity can be generated directly from sound energy by piezoelectric effect. The way it works is that the mechanical energy of sound is applied directly to a crystal (or possibly a ceramic) with strong piezoelectric response to the application of what mechanical energy (sound). What we are doing is squeezing the crystal. A squeeze will generate a small voltage for the duration of the squeeze. When the crystal is released, another small voltage will be generated in the opposite polarity

14. How does water generates electricity?
Water is used to turn a water turbine, which then turns a metal shaft in an electric generator, which the motor that produce electricity.

15. How does wind generate electricity?
One of the main ways that we produce electricity is by using wind turbines. Wind turbines make use of wind by letting the wind turn the rotors, which turns the shaft that is connected to a generator. This process generates electricity.

16. How does solar generates electricity?
The sun rays contain photons and the hit the solar panels which contain electrons. The electrons soak the photons up and become conduction electrons. From here, the energy creates an electric charge and can be carried through a circuit.