1. Kingdom Animalia

2. Kingdom Animalia
There are approximately 35 phyla that fall under Kingdom Animalia.
We will be looking at the nine major phyla.
We will go from least complex to most complex.

3. Phylum Porifera Sea sponges. Live in water
Porous body that lets water pass through
Sessile (cannot move). Attached to ocean bottom or rocks.
Feed on whatever passes by through them. No defined digestive system.
Symmetry: asymmetrical (no definite shape)

4. Phylum Cnidaria Live in water
Body shape: radial (means they have many planes of symmetry/can be divided in half many ways)
Body lining made of two layers with jellylike substance in between
Incomplete digestive system: only one opening for food coming in/waste going out
Stinging cells used for defence/capturing food
Ex: Jellyfish

5. Phylum Platyhelminthes
Habitat: Fresh and salt water, some on land.
Flat bodies
Some have incomplete digestive systems, others absorb food through skin
Bilateral symmetry (only one way you can cut in half to get two of the same)
Eyespots at front end to detect light.
Ex. Flat worms, tape worms.

6. Phylum Nematoda Habitat: fresh & salt water, terrestrial
Long, smooth bodies
Complete digestive tracts (has mouth and anus)
Bilateral symmetry
Some are parasitic
Ex. Roundworms

7. Phylum Annelida Habitat: salt & fresh water, terrestrial
Segmented body, inside & out
Complete digestive system
Bilateral symmetry
Ex. Earthworms, leeches

8. Phylum Arthropoda Habitat: All Largest phylum by far
Segmented wings and jointed appendages (limbs)
Bodies divided into three parts: head, thorax and abdomen.
Complete digestive system.
Exoskeleton (hard outer shell) which gives support and protection.
Symmetry: Bilateral
Ex: Insects, spiders, lobsters

9. Phylum Mollusca Habitat: fresh & salt water
Soft, unsegmented body, usually within a hard shell
Move by way of a strong muscular ‘foot’
Have a tongue-like organ called a radula which lets them to scrape food off rocks.
Complete digestive system.
Symmetry: bilateral
Ex: Clams, snails, oysters, octopus

10. Phylum Echinodermata Habitat: all marine, usually live on ocean floor
Spiny exoskeleton for protection & support
Water-vascular system: water moves in and out of their body. Move by expelling water like jets.
Complete digestive system.
Radial symmetry.
Ex. Starfish, sea stars.

11. Phylum Chordata Habitat: Salt or freshwater, or on land.
Complete digestive systems.
Bilateral symmetry.
All have a dorsal nerve cord – becomes nervous system. Can be free (invertebrates), or encased in bone/cartilage (vertebrates).
Fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds & mammals – we will look at these in more depth