1. Ch 10 Cell Growth and Division

2. 10-1 Cell Growth
The larger a cell becomes, the more trouble it has moving nutrients and waste across the cell membrane.

3. 10-1 Cell Growth
Cell division- the process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells.
Spoiler

4. 10-2 Cell Division
Mitosis- the first stage of cell division where the nucleus divides.
Cytokinesis- the second stage of cell division where the cytoplasm divides.

5. 10-2 Cell Division
Chromatid- one of two identical “sister” parts of a replicated chromosome.
Centromeres- the area, usually near the middle, where each pair of chromatids are attached.

6. 10-2 Cell Division
Interphase- the period in between one cell division and the next one.
Cell cycle- the series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide.

7. 10-2 Cell Division
During the cell cycle a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells, each of which then begins the cycle again.

8. 10-2 Cell Division Biologists divide mitosis into four phases:
1) prophase
2) metaphase
3) anaphase
4) telophase

9. 10-2 Cell Division Prophase- the first and longest phase of mitosis.
Centrioles position near opposite sides of the nucleus. They help organize the spindle, a fanlike microtubule structure that separates the chromosomes.

10. 10-2 Cell Division
Metaphase- second, short phase where chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.

11. 10-2 Cell Division
Anaphase- third phase sister chromatids split and begin to move to opposite sides of the cell.

12. 10-2 Cell Division
Telophase- last phase chromosomes begin to relax into “tangle of spaghetti.” Nuclear envelope re-forms around both sets of chromosomes.
Mitosis video

13. 10-3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
Cyclins- proteins that regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells.

14. 10-3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
Cancer- a disorder in which some body cells lose the ability to control growth.
Cancer cells do not respond to the signals that regulate most cell growth.