1. The Language of the Health Profession
MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
The Language of the Health Profession
Imagine yourself in a foreign country where you do not speak the language. Even simple conversations would be difficult. For example, what if you need
to explain how to sew a dress to someone who does not know what certain words like baste, zipper, and stitch mean? No matter how intelligent you are, you would look pretty silly making sounds and gestures to explain simple sewing procedures.
Each profession has its own language and jargon that makes it difficult for others to fully understand what is being said. (Comic) It is important to realize, however, that this specialized language is needed in order to communicate accurately and concisely. You have chosen to pursue an interest in the medical profession and it is important that you learn to “speak the lingo.”

2. What do these words mean?
Gastroesophageal
Gastroduodenoscopy
Adenocarcinoma
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
PSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM
How can anyone remember every single medical word?

4. ORIGIN OF MEDICAL TERMS
Hippocrates was a Greek physician and is known as the “father of medicine.” He made many discoveries in medicine and about the human body. New drs. Take the “Hippocratic Oath”, a pledge of ethical standards for drs.
75% of medical terms are based on either Greek or Latin words.
What’s in a word? The answer is a lot if it is a medical term. Each medical term has a basic word root or stem that usually comes from the Greek or Latin language. In fact 75% percent of medical terms are based on either Greek or Latin words.(Click) The Greeks were the founders of modern medicine, although Latin has become the universal source of medical language. Hippocrates was a Greek physician who lived from 460 to 377 B.C. and whose vital role in medicine is still recognized today. He is called the “Father of Medicine” and is credited with establishing early ethical standards for physicians.
Defining medical terms is a lot like a puzzle. Most medical terms are a combination of two or more word parts or elements. The identification of a word involves a search for the meaning of each of its parts. When they are translated separately and combined into a word, the parts give the essential meaning of the entire word. (Give example- Tonsilitis, Hysterectomy` Osteoarthritis, Cardiomegaly.)

5. ROOT WORDS A root (word) is the foundation or basic meaning of a word.
cardi - root for heart
hepat- root for liver
neur - root for nerve
nephr - root for kidney
cyt- root for cell
A root (word) is the foundation or basic meaning of a word.
May appear with a prefix or suffix, or between a prefix or suffix.
The fundamental method of building a medical vocabulary consists of breaking down a word and identifying its elements: prefix, suffix, root or roots, and combining form.
Root (Click)
A root is the foundation, or basic meaning of a word (click) and may appear with a prefix, or a suffix, or between a prefix and suffix. Prefixes and suffixes can never stand alone; they must always be attached to a root. (click) The word root for heart is cardi. However, the term cardi is not normally used by itself. It is commonly combined with another root word, prefix, or suffix to from a complete medical word.
(Look at list of root words)

6. PREFIX
The prefix is a part of the word that precedes the word root and changes its meaning.
Often indicates location, time, or number.
Pre - prefix means before
peri- prefix means around
hemi - prefix means half
macro - prefix means large
neo- prefix means new
(Click) A prefix is a part of a word that precedes the word root and changes its meaning.(click) Prefixes usually, but not always, indicate location, time, or number.

7. SUFFIX -itis - suffix means inflammation
-ology - suffix means the study of
- ectomy- suffix means surgical removal-plast- suffix means surgical repair
A suffix is the word ending that follows the word root and changes its meaning.
Often indicates the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease.
(Click) A suffix is the word ending that follows the word root and changes its meaning. (Click) Suffixes usually, but not always, indicate the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease,
(click)
Tonsil - root word means tonsil.
-itis - suffix means inflammation.
Tonsilitis - means inflammation of the tonsils.
(Click through others and give examples)

8. Cardiology Cardi - root means heart.
-ology - suffix means the study of.
Cardiology - the study of the heart.
(Click)Cardi -root word means heart
(Click) -ology - suffix means the study of
(Click) Cardiology - the study of the heart
Natal - root word means birth
-ology - suffix means study of
Natalogy - the study of birth.

9. Nephritis Nephr - root words means kidney
-itis suffix means inflammation
Nephritis means inflammation of the kidney

10. Break down and define the following medical terms.
peri /card / itis
leuk /o / cyte
hepat / itis
neur / o / plasty

11. pericarditis

12. leukocyte leuko- prefix means white cyte - root word means cell
leukocyte means white cell

13. Hepatitis hepat - root word means liver
-itis - suffix means inflammation
hepatitis - means inflammation of the liver

14. neuroplasty neuro - root word means nerve or nerves
-plasty - suffix means surgical repair
neuroplasty means surgical repair of the nerve

15. Combining Forms
Combining form consists of the word root and a connecting vowel to make it easier to pronounce and attach another root word or suffix.
Combining form for heart is cardi
Combining form associated with cells is cyt
(Click) The combining form consists of the word root and a connecting vowel to make it easier to pronounce and atach another root word or suffix
(Click) The combining form for heart is cardi/o
(Click) The combining form associated with cells is cyt/o
(Click) The combining term associated with tissue is hist/o
Once again the terms cyt and hist represent the word roots or foundations. The combining forms can not be put together with prefixes, suffixes, and other root words to produce a multitude of medical terms.

16. Basic Rules for the Combining Vowel
The combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel. (neuritis)
The combining vowel is used when the suffix begins with a consonant. (neuroplasty)
(Click)There are some basic rules which determine when the combining vowel is used and is not used.
(Click) The combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel.
Neur/o -nerve
-it is - inflammation
Neuritis - inflammation of nerves or a nerve
(Click) The combining vowel is used when the suffix begins with a consonant.
Neur/o - means nerve or nerves
-plasty - suffix means surgical repair
Neuroplasty - surgical repair of the nerve
Practice Sheet for homework.

17. THE END