1. Prokaryotic versus Eukaryotic Cells

2. Essential Question What are the advantages of folded membranes?
How do cells differentiate?
Compare/Contrast prokaryotic/eukaryotic cells

3. The Cell All Living things are composed of cells
All Cells have/contain the following:
Cell Membrane – aka: Lipid Bilayer
cytoplasm

4. The Cell Membrane
Cell Membrane - Lipid Bilayer - Separates inside from outside

5. Membranes Folded membranes: Advantages of folded membranes:
Increased surface area
Increase cell process efficiency
Form interconnected compartments

6. What are the advantages of folded membranes?
Essential Question
What are the advantages of folded membranes?

7. Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm - everything but DNA/Nucleus

8. Two cell types Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells No nucleus
Less complex
MUCH smaller
Has nucleus
More complex
MUCH larger

9. Prokaryotic cells 1. Primitive cells – include bacteria 2. No nucleus
3.     No Membrane-bound organelles
4.     Very Small 1-10 micrometers
5.     Single Strand of Circular “naked” DNA called plasmids
6.     Contain Ribosomes

10. Typical Prokaryotic Cell

11. Eukaryotic Cells
1. Contain a Nucleus which protects DNA / Chromosomes 2. Much larger than prokaryotic cells 3. Have many different types of Membrane bound organelles - compartmentalization = efficiency

12. Animal Eukaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cells
Animal Eukaryotic Cell
Plant Eukaryotic Cell

13. Secret to cell differentiation
DNA!!!
Recall back to organics that nucleic acids such as DNA function to store genetic information
This genetic information is the instruction that leads cells to specialize into their cell types and perform their specific functions in multicellular organisms
Lets look at some of these specialized cells

14. How do cells differentiate?
Essential Question
How do cells differentiate?

15. Different kinds of plant cells
Onion Epidermal Cells
Root Hair Cell
root hair
Guard Cells

16. Different kinds of animal cells
white blood cell
red blood cell
cheek cells
sperm
nerve cell
muscle cell
Amoeba
Paramecium

17. Similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Both have a cell membrane
Both have cytoplasm
Both have a DNA
Both contain ribosomes

18. Differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
Much smaller in size
Much larger in size
Have a nucleus
No nucleus
Have organelles
No organelles

19. Essential Question What are the advantages of folded membranes?
How do cells differentiate?
Compare/Contrast prokaryotic/eukaryotic cells