1. The Age of Jackson

2. Election 1824 Major changes Division in Republican Party
Universal White Male Suffrage
More people could vote (had removed property requirements)
Division in Republican Party
Causes:
Industry New England
Cotton in South
Westward Expansion

3. Continued Had five candidates from the same party
No majority—top two went to House of Representatives
John Quincy Adams—New England fav
John Calhoun—SC—withdrew later to run for VP
William Crawford –GA
Henry Clay—KY—hoping American sys would get him popularity
Andrew Jackson TN—Popular from Battle of New Orleans (winner)

5. “Corrupt Bargain”
Andrew Jackson won popular vote but NOT Electoral College’s Majority vote
Went to house of Representatives
Henry Clay supports to Adams
Clay made Secretary of State
Jackson supporters cry corrupt bargain
Claim he’s cheated out of office
How does it look for Adams?

6. John Q. Adams Starts term looking less than perfect
Not an effective president
Clung to Washington’s Precedent-remain aloof & removed from the Political game
Angered supporters by placing opponents in office
Wished to not affiliate w/any party
Killed his career

7. Upcoming election—Jackson still popular (N.O.)
Older politicians skeptical—Notorious bad temper
Liked by younger crowd
Campaigning early
Reflect back to Jeffersonian
One main party around—men referred to selves as Adams men/Jackson men/Friends of Clay
Martin Van Buren politician saw this division
Loved the “Game”
Saw need for 2 party competition WHY?

8. 1828 Election
Jackson President and Calhoun as VP for new Democratic Party VS
Adams under party called National Republicans
Ugly election
Adams accused of debt, riches, and silk underwear
Jackson accused of being a drunken gambler and an illiterate back woodsman
Played up to present self as “Common Man” (actually a Planter)

9. Jackson won big in the Electoral College in 1828 and 1832
Practiced “Rotation in Office” or “Spoils System”
Booted rival party from offices (not the 1st to do this)
Claimed he was putting “common men” in government positions…friends put in
Against Internal Improvements
Saw as a waste and unconstitutional
$ should be spent to favor all

10. Removal of the Cherokee Indians
Indian Removal Act passed by Congress in 1830
Cherokee challenged in court and won (Worchester vs. Georgia)
Jackson ignored the Supreme Court and forcibly removed
Trail of Tears (1 in 4 died on trip)

13. Tariff of 1828 (raised tariff very high)
South Carolina and John C. Calhoun wrote doctrine of nullification
Renewed states’ right argument
Said tariff was null and void
Jackson threatened to send in troops
Clay got compromise tariff
Avoided conflict for now
Start of a Rift btwn Calhoun and Jackson

14. Calhoun--a War Hawk w/strong Nationalist ideas
Calhoun felt $ from tariffs should go to common good (tariff didn’t meet his standards)

17. National Bank Jackson suspicious of Banks, paper money, and monopolies
Reminds him of the NE and elite attitudes
Became the major election issue in 1832
Jackson vetoed the new bank charter and killed the bank
Put money in state (pet) banks
Used poor practices
Gave loans for land speculation
Ran land prices up

18. 1836 Jackson issued specie circular
Had to pay for land in gold or silver, not paper
People went to get gold or silver for paper
Many banks went under
Turned into a depression that lasted several years

20. Jackson’s Position on the Issue
Laws or Acts of Congress related to Issue
Reactions against Jackson
Impact of Jackson’s Policy
Native American Policy
Nullification Crisis
National Bank