1. Notes #40 I can: Identify plant adaptations
Plants
Notes #40
I can:
Identify plant adaptations

2. Multicellular/unicellular Prokaryotic/eukaryotic
Plants are ALWAYS:
Multicellular/unicellular
Prokaryotic/eukaryotic
Autotrophic/heterotrophic
Means: many cells
Means: has nucleus
Means: does photosynthesis to get food
Plant cells have 2 organelles that animals don’t: chloroplast and cell wall
There are 2 main types of plants: non-vascular and vascular

3. Think What does it mean to say that plants are autotrophs?
What 2 organelles do plant cells have that animals don’t?
What are the 2 main types of plants?

4. Non-vascular Plants The oldest (most primitive) kind of plants
Do not have roots, stems, leaves or vascular tissue (for transport)
Also called bryophytes
Example: moss, hornwort, liverwort
Cannot grow tall

5. Think What is the most primitive type of plant?
What is an example of a non-vascular plant?
Why do you think non-vascular plants can’t grow tall?

6. Vascular Plants Evolved more recently
Have a transport system (called vascular tissue)
Examples: palm tree, pine tree, grass
LOOK FAMILIAR?

7. Know these parts of a plant.
flower
leaf
stem
roots

8. Basic Plant Anatomy
Leaves: are green so they absorb sunlight to do photosynthesis! They contain the pigment chlorophyll
Roots: go into the ground to absorb water and nutrients
Stem: goes from the roots to the leaves, so is used to transport materials and for support

9. There are 2 types of vascular tissue: xylem & phloem
Xylem: used to transport water
Phloem: used to transport nutrients (think phloem and food)
THINK: In which direction does xylem transport water?
In which direction does phloem transport nutrients?

10. Adaptations
REMEMBER: An adaptation is a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce
Plants have adaptations to match their environment
Example: If you didn’t have much sunlight, you would want big leaves

11. the xylem transports water
A plant needs to transport a lot of water
It would need
because
a big xylem
the xylem transports water

12. leaves cause it to lose water
A plant lives in a dry desert environment
It would need
because
fewer leaves
leaves cause it to lose water

13. Plant Reproduction and Classification

14. Plant Reproduction Plants reproduce in 2 ways:
1. Spores: Small, tough particles that do not contain much food for the new plant
Reproduction by spores is more simple and does not use as much energy.
(This makes sense because plants that use them are more primitive)

15. 2. Seeds: Usually larger than spores because they contain food for the new plant
Reproduction by seeds is more complex.

16. Plant Reproduction
All plants normally have both male and female parts.
The male part produces pollen (just like male animals produce sperm).
The female part produces ovules (just like the female animals produce eggs).

17. Plant Reproduction
Because plants cannot move fertilization happens differently with plants.
Plants have 2 main strategies for fertilization.
1. Air: Plants use the wind to spread their pollen to other nearby plants and fertilize the ovule. These plants often have cones and no flowers

18. 2. Flowers: Plants use animals to spread their pollen to other nearby plants.
The animal will come to the flower and get covered in pollen, then go to the next flower and transfer the pollen to the ovule.

19. Angiosperm vs. Gymnosperm

20. Angiosperm vs. Gymnosperm