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Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter
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Physical Properties Physical property: a characteristic of a substance that can be observed w/out changing its composition Some physical properties of matter include shape, color, size, mass, volume, density, melting point and boiling point. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Physical Properties Melting point the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid Boiling point the temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas
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Physical Properties Density is a physical property.
Density the mass per unit volume of a substance Density is a measurement of how much matter is contained in a certain volume of a substance. A substance with a low density is “light” and a substance with a high density is “heavy” in comparison to other substances of the same volume. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Density = mass/volume The equation for density is D = m/V
The density of a liquid or solid is usually reported in units of grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3) Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Examples of physical properties include: freezing point boiling point
water resistance flexibility electrical conductor heat conductor Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Chemical Properties Chemical property: the way a substance reacts with others to form new substances with different properties. Chemical properties include flammability and reactivity. Flammability the ability of a substance to react in the presence of oxygen and burn when exposed to a flame Reactivity the ability of a substance to combine chemically with another substance Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties
Characteristic properties help to identify and classify substances. The table below compares some physical and chemical properties. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties
Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Chapter menu Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Physical and Chemical Changes
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Physical Changes Physical change a change in matter from one form to another without a change in composition After a physical change, a substance may look different, but the atoms that make up the substance are not changed or rearranged. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Examples of Physical Changes
Dissolving is a physical change. When a substance dissolves, the molecules of the substance do not change. Dissolving a solid in a liquid, a gas in a liquid, or a liquid in a liquid are all physical changes. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Other examples of physical changes
Crushing Melting Freezing Evaporating Condensing Absorbing
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Chemical Changes Chemical change a change that occurs when a substance changes composition by forming one or more new substances The results of a chemical change are substances that have completely different properties from the properties of the original substances Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Examples of Chemical Changes
Chemical changes happen everywhere. Examples of chemical changes include: Burning Rusting Digesting Decomposing Baking
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Chemical Changes Section 3 Changes of Matter Chapter menu Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Evidence of a Chemical Change
Chemical changes can be detected. Examples include: change of color change of smell fizzing production of heat production of sound production of light Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Chapter menu Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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