1. JDS International Seminar 2018
The Efficiency Analysis of Rice Farmers in the Upper East Region of Ghana
Presented by: Kofi Kyei.
Supervisor: Prof. Kenichi Matsui

2. OUTLINE 1. INTRODUCTION 2. OBJECTIVES 3. METHODOLOGY 4. RESULTS
5. CONCLUSION
6. RECOMMENDATION

3. 1.1 INTRODUCTION - GHANA
Population: million (2016 estimate) Land Area: 23,884,245 hectares GDP: Billion USD (2016 estimate) Agriculture to GDP: 25% Main Agricultural Exports: Cocoa & Timber Main Agricultural Imports: Wheat, Sugar, Chicken & Rice
Source:

4. 1.2 GHANA’S RICE SECTOR 47% Self - Sufficient Frequent flooding
Source: Ministry of Food
and Agriculture (2016)

5. 2. OBJECTIVES
To find the efficiency of rice farmers in the Upper East region of Ghana.
To examine the causes of rice production decline in the Upper East region.

6. 3. STUDY AREA – KASSENA NANKANA MUNICIPAL
Population: 109,944 representing 10.5% of the region (2010 PHC, GSS)
Households:19,790
Average Household Size: 5.4 persons per household
Livelihood:
82.7% of households engaged in Agriculture
Study area
Source: Ghana Statistical Service (2014)

7. 4.1 Previous Research Works
RESEARCH Topic
AUTHOR(S)
FINDINGS
Estimation of Technical Efficiency of Tea Small Holdings Sector, Sri Lanka
Basnayaka B. M. J. K et al (2002)
Age, education and occupation significantly affect farmers’ efficiency
Efficiency across Ecological Zones and Farm size groups in Paddy Farms in India
Bedassa et al (1997)
Land, labor and quantity of fertilizer significantly influence paddy production

8. 4. METHODOLOGY Data Sources 1. Primary data (Questionnaire survey)
QUANTITATIVE METHOD
Data Sources
1. Primary data (Questionnaire survey)
Analysis Approach
Total Factor Productivity (TFP) to estimate farmers efficiency
Regression Analysis (Excel)
Multi-Stage Sampling Technique
Random sampling (5 communities)
Purposive selection of 150 Farmers (Irrigation & Rainfed)

9. 4.2 Formula for TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY (TFP)
TFP = Aggregate output/Aggregate input.
Aggregate Output = Total cost of rice produced.
Aggregate Input = Total cost of farm inputs (Land, Labor and Fertilizer)
Antle et al. (1993)

10. .
5. RESULTS

11. 5.1 EFFICIENCY OF FARMERS

12. 5.2 SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF 150 FARMERS
IRRIGATION
RAINFED
MEAN
S.D
AGE 48
10.96 47
11.05
LAND SIZE (ACRE) 4
2.08 3
2.23
YEARS OF LAND USE 15
8.13 13
7.77
HOUSEHOLD SIZE 10
5.56
6.22
NUMBER OF CHILDREN IN HOUSEHOLD
2.71
2.47
HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS IN RICE FARMING 5
2.34 6
2.83
NUMBER OF HIRED LABOR 9
4.83 7
3.52
YEARS OF SCHOOLING
4.82
4.70
EXTENSION SERVICE CONTACT (No. of times/year) 2
1.08
1.01

13. 5.3 RICE PRODUCED BY GENDER

14. 5.4 FARM INPUTS ON PRODUCTION
VARIABLE
R - SQUARED
CORRELATION®
P - VALUE
EQUATION
LAND
0.764
0.874
1.13E-36
11.36X
LABOR
0.381
0.617
9.11E-06
4.044X
FERTILIZER
0.001
0.0316
-3.047X

15. 5.5 SOCIAL VARIABLES ON PRODUCTION
R - SQUARED
CORRELATION®
P - VALUE
EQUATION
AGE
0.063
0.2529
0.640X
FARMING EXPERIENCE
0.009
0.095
0.300X
EXTENSION SERVICE CONTACT
0.023
0.152
4.057X
EDUCATION
0.010
0.1
2.55E-20
0.599X

16. 5.6 FINDINGS
Causes of Rice Production Decline
Land size
Labor
Years of Farming Experience
Education

17. 6. CONCLUSION
Farms with larger land sizes with more hired laborers are more efficient than those with smaller land sizes & labor force.
Experienced farmers tend to be more efficient compared.
Rice production can be increased if younger farmers learn from experienced farmers.

18. 7. POLICY RECOMMENDATION
The Ghanaian gov’t invest in rural agricultural education through extension service personnel and connect experienced farmers to younger ones.
To increase productivity among women farmers, the Ghana gov’t should support women’s land rights, providing childcare services and education opportunities.

19. REFERENCES
Antle, John M., Tom McGuckin (1993). “Technological Innovation, Agricultural Productivity, and Environmental Quality” in Agricultural and Environmental Resource Economics, edited by Gerald A. Carlson, David Zilberman and John A. Miranowski, pp
Ghana Statistical Service (2014). “2010 population and housing census: A summary report of results. Retrieved on September 15, 2017 from Government of Ghana
Ministry of Food and Agriculture (2014). “Agriculture in Ghana, Facts and Figures.” Retrieved on September 24, 2017 from Government of Ghana.

20. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION