1. 7.3 RNA and Protein Synthesis
Key Concepts
How are proteins made in the cell?
What are the differences between DNA and RNA?
How does are genetic code work?
Vocabulary
Transcription
Translation
Protein Synthesis
Uracil
3 types of RNA

2. The Plan Where is DNA found in a cell? Lets Draw what happens:
Where are proteins made in a cell?
How does DNA help make proteins if it cannot leave the nucleus?
Lets Draw what happens:

3. RNA RNA stands for _____________________
Large molecule that makes proteins for cells
There are three types of RNA:
mRNA –
tRNA –
rRNA –

4. Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) winds up tightly into the ribosome
What happens at the ribosome?

5. RNA Structure A strand of RNA is made of monomers called nucleotides
Each nucleotide has three parts:
Sugar (ribose)
Phosphate
Nitrogen base
What are the four nitrogen bases in RNA?

6. DNA and RNA
What are three differences between DNA and RNA? 1. 2. 3.

7. Transcription Process of _________________________
Occurs in the nucleus
The nitrogen bases in RNA always bond to their complement on the DNA strand
Adenine binds ________________________
Thymine (on DNA) binds to adenine
Guanine binds to cytosine

8. Transcription The enzyme RNA polymerase unzips a DNA molecule
RNA nucleotides bond to the DNA
What are the base pairing rules for DNA and RNA?
Finished mRNA is released into the cytoplasm
DNA molecule re-twists into a double helix

9. Transcription IF DNA is like a cookbook (instructions) then
mRNA is like the ________________

10. Protein Synthesis
Proteins are made of monomers called ______________________
Code in DNA and RNA represents different amino acids
The order of the nitrogen bases in DNA determines how the amino acids are put together to make a protein
Like the alphabet makes words

11. Genetic Code The genetic code is ______________________________
All organisms have the same nitrogen bases and amino acids
So why aren’t all organisms the same?

12. Genetic Code DNA is transcribed into RNA
A group of three bases on RNA is called a
________________________
There are a possible ____
different codons that code for ____ amino acids
There are codons to signal the beginning (________) and
end (__________)of the protein molecule

13. Genetic Code

14. How the Genetic Code Works
Transcribe DNA into RNA
Divide RNA into codons
Translate RNA into an amino acid sequence
Decode the following DNA sequence into RNA and amino acids:
DNA: T A C A G T C A C A G T A T C G T A
RNA:
AA:

15. Translation

16. Protein Synthesis Summary
Create a flow map to show the process of protein synthesis