1. More on Chapter 1
A&P

2. Necessary Life Functions
Maintain boundaries
Move
Respond to environmental changes
Take in and digest nutrients
Carry out metabolism
Dispose of wastes
Reproduce themselves
Grow

3. Maintaining Boundaries
The “inside” remains distinct from the outside.
The integumentary system or skin is responsible for this function.
Protects internal organs from:
Drying out
From bacteria and infection
From the environment
damaging effects of heat
sun
chemicals

4. Movement
Propelling ourselves from one place to another by walking, swimming, etc.. Also by manipulating the external environment with our fingers
All systems provide movement
How do you think that is possible?
Digestive
Cardiac
Urinary
Respiratory

5. Responsiveness
Ability to sense change or stimuli in the environment and react to them.
Nervous system is the main system responsible for responsiveness
Nerve cells are highly irritable
Communicate with each other thru electrical impulses

6. Digestion
Breaking down food into simple molecules that can be absorbed into the blood for delivery to all body cells.
The digestive system is primarily responsible for this function.

7. Metabolism Chemical reactions that occur within the body cells
Breaking down complex substances into simpler building blocks, makes larger structures from smaller ones, uses nutrients and oxygen to produce ATP (ATP powers cellular activities)
Digestive System, Respiratory and Endocrine Systems primarily responsible. The hormones secreted by endocrine system are primarily responsible for metabolism

8. Excretion
Removal of wastes from the body. Eliminates the non useful substances produced during digestion and metabolism.
Digestive system & urinary system are primarily responsible for excretion

9. Reproduction
Producing offspring. Can be cellular in nature, or organismal.
Primarily organ system is the reproductive system.

10. Growth Increase in size.
Cellular in nature. Cell construction must be faster then cell destruction.

11. Survival Needs Nutrients – energy and cell building
Oxygen – needed for chemical reactions to occur
Water – we are 60% - 80% water. Must abundant chemical in the body.
Body temperature – necessary for metabolism to occur.
Atmospheric pressure – force exerted on the surface o the body by the weight of air.

12. Homeostasis
The ability of the body to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world is always changing. It is the “balance” of the body.
Most directly influenced by the endocrine and nervous systems.
Receptors – sensor that monitors and responds to change
Control center – determines the set point and response
Effector – means for the controls center response to the stimuli