1. Fixed left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in presumed hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: implications for therapy 
Charles J Bruce, MB, Rick A Nishimura, MD, A.Jamil Tajik, MD, Hartzell V Schaff, MD, Gordon K Danielson, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 68, Issue 1, Pages (July 1999)
DOI: /S (99)

2. Fig 1
Patient 1. (A and B) Two-dimensional parasternal long-axis view in diastole (A) and systole (B) demonstrating the accessory mitral valve tissue (arrows) and associated discrete subaortic stenosis. (C) Continuous-wave Doppler of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) and region of subaortic stenosis demonstrating the late-peaking dynamic velocity profile and early-peaking fixed velocity profile, respectively. Ao = aorta; LA = left atrium; LV = left ventricle; MV = mitral valve; PW = posterior wall of the left ventricle; RV = right ventricle; VS = interventricular septum.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (99) )

3. Fig 2
Patient 2. Biplane transesophageal echocardiographic long-axis view through the left ventricular outflow tract demonstrating subaortic tunnel stenosis (Tunnel). AV = aortic valve; MV = mitral valve.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (99) )

4. Fig 3
Patient 3. Biplane transesophageal echocardiographic long-axis view of the left ventricular outflow tract in systole demonstrating the subaortic tunnel (Tunnel). AV = aortic valve; LA = left atrium; MV = mitral valve.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (99) )

5. Fig 4
Patient 4. Two-dimensional long-axis view of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) demonstrating discrete subaortic stenosis (arrows). AV = aortic valve; MV = mitral valve; VS = ventricular septum.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (99) )