1. Tissues

2. Cells→tissues→organs→system→organism
Tissues: a group of cells working together to perform a specific function
4 major types: 1)epithelial
2) connective
3) muscle
4) nervous

3. Epithelial Structure Covers all body surfaces
Always has a free surface
Reproduces frequently
Tightly packed
Lack Blood vessels
Function
Protection
Secretion
Absorption
Excretion
Sensory perception

4. Types of Epithelium Simple Squamous:
Thin, flat cells that fit tightly together
Ex: capillaries, air sacs in the lung
Thin for diffusion

5. Types of Epithelium Simple Cuboidal:
Single layer of cube- shaped cells
Ex: covering of the ovaries and lines the ducts of glands

6. Types of Epithelium Simple Columnar:
Elongated cells making up a single layer; contain goblet cells
Ex: lining of stomach and intestines
Long and skinny for absorption

7. Types of Epithelium Pseudostratified Columnar:
Appear to be layered, but they are not; commonly possess cilia and goblet cells
Ex: lining of respiratory airways and tubes of reproductive system of female

8. Types of Epithelium Stratified Squamous:
Many layers of cells; continually reproducing to replace those that are lost
Ex: outer layers of skin, mouth, throat
protection

9. Types of Epithelium Transitional:
Specialized to undergo changes in response to increased tension
Ex: lining of bladder and urinary system-provides expandable lining

10. Connective Tissue Structure: Function:
Most abundant type of tissue(by weight)
Contains intercellular material called matrix
Function:
Binding structures together; support; storing fat; protection
Cells that make up connective tissue:
1-fibroblasts-make fibers
2-mast cells-release heparin and histamine
3-macrophage-gobble stuff

11. Types of Connective Tissue
Adipose:
Stores fat within the cytoplasm of the cell; protects and cushions joints and organs; insulates
Ex: under skin; around heart and other organs

12. Types of Connective Tissue
Fibrous Connective:
Made of closely packed fibers that bind body parts together
Ex: tendons & ligaments

13. Types of Connective Tissue
Cartilage:
Rigid tissue that provides framework, protects, and forms models for developing bones; chondrocytes
Ex: ears, nose, and ends of bones

14. Types of Connective Tissue
Bone:
Very rigid tissue that serves as an internal support for body structure; matrix is made of Calcium/Phosphorus
Ex: femur, skull, patella

15. Types of Connective Tissue
Blood:
Liquid connective tissue that serves to transport substances through the body
Ex: ummm…blood

16. Muscle Tissue Structure: Function: Contractile
Made of elongated cells called muscle fibers
When relaxed, long and thin, when contracted, short and fat
Function:
Provide for movement, posture, body heat, peristalsis(smooth muscle contraction), and heart beat

18. Types of Muscle Tissue Skeletal:
Muscles that are attached to bones; controlled by conscious effort; contain striations(stripes)
Ex: biceps, triceps, trapezius

19. Types of Muscle Tissue Smooth:
Muscles found in the walls of internal organs(stomach, intestines) and walls of blood vessels
Lack striations
involuntary

20. Types of Muscle Tissue Cardiac: Found only in heart
Dark, intermittent bars called intercalated discs
involuntary

21. Nervous Tissue Structure: Function: Nerve cells are called neurons
Neuroglial cells bind and support neurons
Neurons do not undergo mitosis
Ex: sense organs, brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
Function:
Transmit nervous impulses

22. Neurons cannot be replaced….
Wear your seatbelt/helmet and be careful what you put into your body