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Constitutionalism in England – V2

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1 Constitutionalism in England – V2
England’s journey to Constitutionalism ___________: King William established feudal system in which he sought advice of nobles before making laws 1215: ________________ signs Magna Carta, recognizing and protecting nobility’s traditional feudal rights 13th through 16th century: power of Parliament was dependent on the relative strength of monarch Even strongest _________________ required Parliament’s consent to tax 1603: Elizabeth Tudor dies without a successor Parliament named Scottish house of Stuart to throne United the crowns of ____________________________________________ __________________believed in Divine Right of Kings God put him in charge, not the members of Parliament Charles I, James’ successor, dissolved Parliament :_____________________________ over authority, religion Parliamentarians (________________________) win, but dictatorship reigns 1660: Monarchy restored, Charles II became king _____________:(The Glorious Revolution) William of Orange defeated James II, signed English Bill of Rights Created a ____________________________________ within England Stated specific powers of Parliament & King (establishing Rule of Law), stated that all monarchs would be Protestant Coat of Arms of England

2 Absolutism: response to crisis
Some nations found stability by granting increasing power to _________________ Absolutism: political system where the ruler holds total authority over _____________________________ Justification: The Divine Right of Kings Monarchs were granted power from _____________, therefore they were responsible only to _____________ To question a king’s power was to question God How did Absolutism bring ___________________ to society? A single ruler has only one religious belief Acceptance of the legitimacy of authority (________________________) created no need for civil war Mercantilism=more money & ____________________ to monarch King Louis XIV of France: The Sun King _________________________________ of France for 74 years Became pinnacle of monarchial power & style Used extreme wealth to build Versailles, used palace to pacify French nobility & ____________________ Years of extravagance left France penniless King Louis XIV of France

3 Absolutism Across Europe
Powerful Absolutist __________________ States Prussia emerged as strong military force Austria’s Hapsburgs dynasty defeated _________________, created large central European empire Never became powerful absolutist state because it was comprised of very different _____________________________ _______________________ Czars of the Russian Empire Ivan the Terrible crushed power of _____________________ Powerful Romanov dynasty reigns: ____________________ ______________________________ wanted to Westernize Russia Looked to incorporate advanced technologies St. Petersburg built as a “window to __________________” Remained Russian capital city until fall of czars Built Russia’s military, greatly expanded borders Drafted men for 25 year stints, established ______________________ Required adoption of western dress and customs Forced all men to shave beards, shorten coats ________________________________ gained more freedom No longer wore veils, could mix socially w/men Peter the Great

4 Practice Questions: Content and Basic Skills
5. What are the following numbers in Roman Numerals? IV: _____ VIII: _____ IX: _____ XVII: _____ XIV: _____ Match the year with the century it belongs in: : _______ A. 18th Century : _______ B. 19th Century : _______ C. 20th Century : _______ D. 21st Century Which statement best characterizes the changing relationship between Parliament and the King? Parliament enjoyed more power prior to King James I Parliament never had much power compared to the King Parliament had less power before King James I than after Parliament was always more powerful than the King 2. Which statement would King James I agree with the most? I should share power with Parliament, to keep my people happy. My people put me in charge—I will not share power with Parliament. I am elected, and so I serve Parliament. My power comes from the lord; I share power with nobody else. 3. Which of the following ideas does not belong with Absolutism in Europe? Rulers had singular religious beliefs Civil ward could be avoided, because the monarch’s power came from god Mercantilism encouraged monarchs to have relaxed trade policies Mercantilism helped funnel resources and power to the king or queen 4. Peter the Great’s drive to Westernize Russia included which of the following policies? I. Inclusion of new technologies II. Military buildup III. Women’s freedoms were restricted IV. Men adopted Western fashion I, III, and IV C. II and IV I, II, and IV D. II, III, and IV


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