1. Retrieval: Getting Information Out

2. Recall Versus Recognition: A Practical school application
you must retrieve the information from your memory
fill-in-the blank or essay tests
you must identify the target from possible targets
multiple-choice tests

3. Relearning – learning something more quickly when you learn it a second time or later time.
When you study for a final exam or engage in a language used in early childhood, you will relearn the material more easily than you did initially.

4. Retrieval Cues Priming – “wakening of associations”
Bits of information that are like tags, hints, or ID marks – help you associate with memory to help you successfully retrieve.
Can be experiences – tastes, smells, sights

5. Context Effects
It helps to put yourself back in the same context you experienced (encoded) something.
If you study on your favorite chair at home, you will probably score higher if you also took the test on the chair.
Bolt 18 activity for next slides

6. DeJa Vu
The feeling that you think you saw/experienced something, but did not.

7. The Context Matters!!!
Mood Congruent Memory - your current mood can color/affect how you view memories
State Dependent Memory – What you learn in one state is more easily recalled if you are again in that state.

8. Forgetting
Remembering everything can be just as harmful as remembering nothing.
Discarding clutter, information that is no longer useful keeps our minds sharp.
Better organize, generalize, evaluate and create.
Amnesia
Anterograde: can not form new memories
Retrograde: can not recall old information

9. Forgetting
Getting a new bus number and forgetting old bus number.
Retroactive Interference: new information blocks out old information.
Proactive Interference: old information blocks out new information.
Proactive Interference
Old info gets in the way of new
Retroactive Interference
New info gets in the way of old
Calling your new girlfriend by old girlfriends name.

10. Constructive Memory Memories are not always what they seem.
Elizabeth Loftus Eyewitnesses and trials interview clip
A constructed memory is a created memory.
Misinformation effect
Memory Construction & Court