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Democritus and Leucippus

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1 Democritus and Leucippus
All matter is made of tiny indivisible solids. “Atomos” = Indivisible

2 Plato matter is made up of fire, water, and air. Their characteristics are due to the five solid shapes of the particles that make them.

3 Aristotle Atoms do not exist because matter is infinitely divisible. Differences in matter result from different combinations of fire, water, earth, and air.

4 Robert Boyle Proposed corpuscular theory.
Tiny particles are the reason for differences in properties, but the particles can be divided.

5 Identified Hydrogen and oxygen
Lavoisier Identified Hydrogen and oxygen

6 Determined the law of conservation of mass
Lavoisier Determined the law of conservation of mass

7 Elements always combine in fixed proportions
Proust Elements always combine in fixed proportions

8 Elements are made of atoms
Dalton Elements are made of atoms

9 Atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided
Dalton Atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided

10 Atoms combine in specific ratios to form compounds
Dalton Atoms combine in specific ratios to form compounds

11 Atoms recombine during chemical reactions
Dalton Atoms recombine during chemical reactions

12 Arranged elements by atomic weight and discovered patterns
mendeleev Arranged elements by atomic weight and discovered patterns

13 Discovered the cathode ray phenomena
faraday Discovered the cathode ray phenomena

14 Measured the mass of the cathode ray
Jj thompson Measured the mass of the cathode ray

15 Discovered the electron
Jj thompson Discovered the electron

16 Envisioned the atom as “plum pudding”
Jj thompson Envisioned the atom as “plum pudding”

17 Rutherford + Geiger + Marsden
Discovered the nucleus

18 Rutherford + Geiger + Marsden
Discovered the atom is mostly space

19 Rutherford + Geiger + Marsden
Conducted the gold foil experiment

20 Argued for particle theory of light
Newton Argued for particle theory of light

21 huygens Light is a wave

22 Electrons exist in 4 energy levels
bohr Electrons exist in 4 energy levels

23 Double slit interference
Thomas young Double slit interference

24 Electromagnetic spectrum
Based on wavelength: Rabbits mate in very unusual xpensive gardens

25 Quantum energy levels are like ladder rungs
Planck’s constant Quantum energy levels are like ladder rungs

26 Quantum energy levels are like ladder rungs
Planck’s constant Quantum energy levels are like ladder rungs

27 Massless packets of light
photons Massless packets of light

28 Wavelength emitted by atoms… seen through a spectroscope
Emission spectrum Wavelength emitted by atoms… seen through a spectroscope

29 Passing whit light through atoms
Absorption spectrum Passing whit light through atoms

30 De broglie Matter can be wavelike

31 Matter is both like a wave and a particle
Wave particle duality Matter is both like a wave and a particle

32 Heisenberg uncertainty principle
Impossible to measure momentum and position at the same time

33 Electron clouds of probability
Schrodinger model Electron clouds of probability

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