1. CRA Framework
Kayla Easley

2. Research Says…
schools are often unequipped to support ELs in the development of mathematical proficiency.
ELs face the double demands of simultaneously learning both English and the language of mathematics.
Research by Ekwueme supports that 75% of learning occurs through activity-oriented instruction.

3. Why choose cra?
The CRA framework connects conceptual and procedural knowledge to create a holistic picture of mathematics concepts.
CRA is a tiered process of mathematics instruction. It begins with concrete manipulatives, transitions to representational images, and ends with the abstract.

4. Demographics
The participants of the action research are all third grade English Learners who are active participants in English support courses or are in the first year of monitoring.
The research takes place at Chatsworth Elementary School in Chatsworth, Georgia. The school is a K-6 title 1 establishment with 750 students.
Sixty-seven percent of the population is Caucasian, and thirty-one percent of the population is Hispanic. Twenty-one percent of the Hispanic population is currently labeled as limited English proficient.

5. Methodology
Research question: How does Concrete- Representational-Abstract instruction impact learning for English learners?

6. Methodology
I will administer a pre-assessment. Data gathered from the assessment will be compared to post-assessment data. The scores will then be compiled into two groups, English learner or native speaker.

7. Methodology
Using a checklist with the choices of engaged or disengaged, I will select a choice that indicates the engagement level of each English learner during the unit. Perceived engagement will be recorded twice per lesson to see if differences emerge between the beginning of a lesson and the end of a lesson. A histogram will be created to show a comparison of beginning lesson engagement and end lesson engagement.

8. Methodology
I will gather qualitative data during the unit by journaling twice per week. Each Wednesday and Friday, I will reflect upon my observations, formative data, and thoughts about the effectiveness of CRA for my EL students. After completing journaling, I will analyze my entries for emerging themes by utilizing the website Wordle. Recurring themes will be represented in a histogram and explained in a narrative.

9. Methodology
After analyzing the three data sets, I will reflect upon the data and consider what insight action research has provided me in relation to CRA instruction’s impact on mathematics instruction for English learners. This reflection will take the form of a narrative.