1. Proteins

2. Multipurpose molecules
Proteins:
Multipurpose molecules

3. Proteins Examples Muscle Cartilage skin, hair, fingernails, claws
insulin
Proteins
Examples
Muscle
Cartilage
skin, hair, fingernails, claws
collagen, keratin
pepsin
digestive enzyme in stomach
insulin
hormone that controls blood sugar levels
pepsin
collagen (skin)

4. Proteins Function: many, many functions hormones movement
signals from one body system to another
insulin
movement
muscle
immune system
protect against germs
enzymes
help chemical reactions

5. Proteins —N— H | —C— C—OH || O Monomer - Building block = amino acids–
20 different amino acids
There’s 20 of us…
like 20 different letters in an alphabet! Can make lots of different words
—N— H |
—C—
C—OH || O
variable group

6. Amino acid chains Proteins Each amino acid is different
amino acids chained into a polymer
amino acid
Each amino acid is different

7. For proteins: SHAPE matters!
Proteins fold and twist into 3-D shapes
The 3D shape determines the function
Different shapes = different jobs
growth hormone
hemoglobin
pepsin
collagen

8. It’s SHAPE that matters!
Proteins do their jobs, because of their shape
Unfolding a protein destroys its shape
wrong shape = can’t do its job
unfolding proteins = “denature”
Things that can effect a protein’s shape:
temperature
pH (acidity)
salinity
unfolded “denatured”
folded

9. What are three things proteins have done for your body since you woke up this morning?
What are the monomers of proteins?
What do enzyme does?
What would happen if I exposed an enzyme to an extremely high pH?

10. Let’s BUILD some Proteins!