1. Conjunctions
Joining Clauses

2. Conjunctions
Before we talk about conjunctions, we need to review what a clause is.
A clause is a group of words that include a subject and a verb.
Ex: the dog ran. (dog = subject; ran = verb)

3. Conjunctions
There are 2 types of clauses that you need to know: independent and dependent.
Independent clause: can exist by itself.
Ex: I will hate you. <- this can be a sentence!
Dependent clause: it needs another clause to sound normal. They normally start with a conjunction.
Ex: if you leave. <- this is not a sentence!

4. Conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions connect two independent clauses.
They hold the two independent clauses together. Both clauses are equal!
AND
I love to eat
she loves to run

5. Conjunctions
The coordinating conjunctions you know are summarized by the acronym FANBOYS.
For
And
Nor
But Or
Yet So

6. Conjunctions
If you are joining 2 independent clauses, you must use a comma!
I love to eat, but she loves to run.

7. Conjunctions
You don’t use a comma if there is not an independent clause on each side!
I love to eat, but she loves to run.
I love to eat and run.
*This is NOT an independent clause because there is no subject after AND!

8. Conjunctions
More examples of where a comma IS needed (S V, S V). There is a S/V pair on both sides of the conjunction!
I don’t study, but I work hard.
She hates me, but I love her.
I study, and he helps me.
You can stay, or you can leave.

9. Conjunctions Examples of where a comma ISN’T needed!
See that there is NOT a S/V pair on each side of the conjunction!
I don’t study or work hard.
She hates John and me.
I study and help.
You and James can stay or leave.

10. Conjunctions Compare both sides! I don’t study, but I work hard.
She hates me, but I love her.
I study, and he helps me.
You can stay, or you can leave.
I don’t study or work hard.
She hates John and me.
I study and help.
You and James can stay or leave.

11. Conjunctions COMPOUND sentences SIMPLE sentences
I don’t study, but I work hard.
She hates me, but I love her.
I study, and he helps me.
You can stay, or you can leave.
I don’t study or work hard.
She hates John and me.
I study and help.
You and James can stay or leave.

12. Conjunctions
Turn to your partner and explain the difference between a simple sentence and a compound sentence.

13. Conjunctions
Without writing it down, join the two ideas below. Tell your partner 1 example of a simple sentence and 1 example of a compound sentence.
Hillary, Jeremiah, ate
Penelope, ran, Tristan, didn’t run