1. Section 3 Principles of Judaism
Chapter 1
Section 3
Principles of Judaism

2. Ancient Israelites Abraham Egypt for 400 years Moses
Ur of Mesopotamia (approx BC) to Canaan
Canaan > Palestine > Israel
Abraham > Isaac > Jacob (Israel) > 12 sons (including Judah and Joseph)
People of the Book (what happened to Ishmael?)
Egypt for 400 years
Moses

3. Kingdom of Israel David Solomon Kingdom splits
Unites 12 tribes into single kingdom
Solomon
Builds temple, increases Israel’s influence and reputation
Kingdom splits
Israel (North), Judah (South)

4. Division and Conquest
Israel (in the north) conquered by the Assyrian Empire and lost to history
Babylonians replaced Assyrians and captured Judah (in the south)
Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar destroys temple and removes Jews to Babylon
Persian Empire conquers Babylon
Jews allowed to return to homeland (Judea) under Persian Emperor Cyrus
Captured by Roman General Pompey in 63 BC

5. Monotheism
Beliefs of Israelites (Judaism) differed from most in that they believed in one God (Monotheism)
Polytheism = many gods
Chosen People
Israelites believed God had made a covenant with Abraham and his descendants
Promised Land
Obey God’s Laws

6. Standards Check
Pg 30
“How did the Jews’ Beliefs differ from those of other nearby peoples?

7. Torah Torah = “instruction” 10 commandments 7 Universal Laws
Book of the Law, Books of Moses, the first 5 books of the Old Testament
10 commandments
First 5 = religious duty to God
Lat 5 = conduct toward others
7 Universal Laws
Influence idea of basic human rights

8. 7 Universal Laws (Laws of Noah)
Do not deny God.
Do not blaspheme God.
Do not murder.
Do not engage in illicit sexual relations.
Do not steal.
Do not eat from a live animal.
Establish courts/legal system to ensure obedience to the law.

9. Ethical Worldview
Prophets=spiritual leaders who interpreted God’s will (God’s spokesperson)
Jews saw leaders not as gods, but bound by God’s laws
Contributed to concept of the Rule of Law

10. Standards Check
Pg 31
“What is the source of basic moral laws that Jews must obey?”

11. Scattering of the Jews Diaspora Zionism
Started with Babylonian Captivity. Not all returned to their homeland.
Roman mismanagement and cultural conflict led to a Jewish revolt in 66 AD.
Jewish temple destroyed in 70 AD
Many Jews already lived outside of Israel, many more fled. Scattering continued through the following centuries
Zionism

12. Standards Check
Pg 32
“How did the scattering of the Jewish people begin?”

13. Section 3 Assessment
pg . 32 (2-6)
Standards Checks
Pg 30, 31, 32